ABNORMAL ACID CRYSTALS

CHOLESTEROL

Often arranged in" Stair step " or " Staircase " patterns.

CHOLESTEROL

Seen in Nephrotic syndrome patient. Indicates lipiduria, often with fatty casts and oval fat bodies.

RADIOGRAPHIC DYE

Highly refractile, flat rectangular to rhomboid plates, sometimes with Notched corners

RADIOGRAPHIC DYE

Can resemble cholesterol crystals but are more refractile. Seen after administration of radiographic contrast media. Associated with very high urine.

TYROSINE

Fine, delicate colorless to yellow needles, often in sheaves, clusters, or rosettes. Pathologic → Associated with Liver disease (severe hepatic impairment, tyrosinemia). • Often occurs with Leucine crystals.

LEUCINE

Yellow-brown, oily-looking spheres. Characterized by concentric rings and radial striations(" Wagon Wheel appearance).

LEUCINE

Pathologic → Seen in severe liver disease Often occurs with tyrosine and bilirubin crystals.

Bilirubin

Seen in hepatic disorders (e.g., liver disease, bile duct obstruction).

Associated with Bile duct obstruction,which gives urine a yellow-brown to greenish color.

Bilirubin

Small, reddish-brown needles or granules. Often clumped together or found on the surface of cells/casts.

SULFONAMIDE

Varied; may be needles, sheaves of wheat, or rosettes. Seen in patients on Sulfonamide therapy. Indicates risk of crystalluria → possible tubular damage or stone formation.

AMPICILLIN

Colorless, needle-like crystals that may form after refrigeration. Seen after massive doses of penicillin/ampicillin. May cause Drug- induced crystalluria.