Midterm 1.2 history Maps | Quizlet

Too many political parties existed . None could not form a majority . ⚫Little could be accomplished in government Could not even choose the location of Canada's capital city ! )

Ministerial instability / Political Deadlock

Canada West Clear Grit Party Majority GEORGE BROWN

Conservative Party Minority JOHN A. MACDONALD

Canada East Parti bleu Majority GEORGES CARTIER

Parti rouge Minority ANTOINE - AIME DORION

What were party leaders for east and west of Canada

Brown , Cartier & Macdonald worked together to form a union of all BNA colonies Dorian proposed a Legislative System ( one central government ) . Cartier & Brown proposed a Federal System to protect interests of the provinces . )

The Great Coalition ( 1864 )

Maritime provinces planned form a union Canada East & West propose idea of Confederation proposal for Confederation accepted & all planned meet again in Quebec

Charlottetown Conference ( 1864 )

Drafted final proposal for Confederation to be sent to London . Proposal : 72 Resolutions revolved around a Federal System of government ( one federal government & many provincial governments ) . Maintained ties to Great Britain

Quebec Conference ( 1864 )

72 Resolutions presented to British Parliament by Brown & Macdonald in London . London agrees to the idea of Confederation .

London Conference ( 1867 )

July 1st , 1867 : Canada became a country with four provinces : 。 Québec 。 Ontario New Brunswick Nova Scotia Canadas territory expanded over time as new provinces joined & were created .

Confederation ( 1867 )

Banks & money

, Army & Defense

Indigenous Affairs

Postal Service

Confederation ( 1867 ) FEDERAL POWERS

Health & Welfare

Education

Roads

Natural resources

Confederation ( 1867 ) PROVINCIAL POWERS

Immigration Agriculture

Confederation ( 1867 ) SHARED POWERS

Honoré Mercier , Premier of Québec the federal government was not protecting the rights of francophones .

What did mercier believe

defend the autonomy of provinces . Demanded respect & additional taxes . Federal government can only intervene in provincial matters in times of crisis .

Interprovincial Relations ( 1887 )

To protect Canadian industries from foreign competition . To provide Canadian manufacturers with a larger domestic market for their goods . To encourage new industries in Canada

The National Policy ( 1878 ) : Reasons for the adoption of John A. Macdonald's National Policy :

Protective Tariffs, Transcontinental Railway, Immigration :

The National Policy ( 1878 ) : The Three Main Objectives of the National Policy :

Tariffs high tariffs or duties on imports protected domestic manufacturers made imports expensive

Protective Tariffs :

link British Colonies with the rest of the country encourage east - west trade , accelerate the settlement Canada's west

Transcontinental Railway

encouraged arrival of large numbers of immigrants from Central Eastern Europe settle western part of Canada provide a workforce for industry .

Immigration

Métis : of mixed First Nations & French descent who lived in Rupert's Land

Louis Riel & the Métis Rebellions ( 1870 & 1885 ) :

Métis not consulted when their land was purchased by the federal gov. Land to be used to build railway & for settlement of West by immigrants . Riel forms provisional government & demands Canada recognize their rights . Nearby English settlers refused submit to Riel & tried to overthrow Thomas Scott was captured.Province of Manitoba created for the Métis

1870 : Red River Rebellion ( # 1 )

English settlers took control of Manitoban government & Métis land . Many Métis moved to North West

. Riel was tried & hanged for treason . Riel was seen as a victim of the English and a martyr .

Riel's death sparked protests in French Canadian Nationalism

1885 : North West Rebellion ( # 2 )

Federally funded , church - run boarding schools allowed the Catholic Church to indoctrinate . Mandatory attendance 7-15 . 150,000 children were neglected emotionally and physically abused

Residential Schools ( 1870-1996 )

Shoes , textiles , clothing , food processing , etc. Built next to canals .

Phase of Industrialization ( 1867-1900 ) Types of Industry : Factories

Coal

First Phase of Industrialization ( 1867-1900 ) Types of Energy Used :

British

First Phase of Industrialization ( 1867-1900 ) Main Source of Investment :

conditions Men , women and children cheap labour hired due 60-70 hour work week Beginning of trade unions ( workers beaten or fired

First Phase of Industrialization ( 1867-1900 ) Working conditions : terrible

Machines were expensive & reduced the need for manpower . Farmers who were unable to support their families moved to Montreal , Québec or chose to emigrate to cities in the United States to work in factories .

First Phase of Industrialization ( 1867-1900 ) Mechanization of Agriculture Leads to Urbanization :

colonization of farmlands in Northern Québec Areas chosen for recolonization were not suitable for agriculture . Farmers encouraged to adopt dairy farming increase profits

First Phase of Industrialization ( 1867-1900 ) Recolonization

The belief that the best and most traditional way of life is based in farm work . Curé Antoine Labelle promoted a return to agricultural / rural way of life during the first phase of industrialization .

The Church & Currents of Thought ( late 19th century ) AGRICULTURALISM

The belief that only the Catholic Church could protect French Canadian identity . Promoted a very traditional way of life Catholic faith French culture & language Farming Traditional family

The Church & Currents of Thought ( late 19th century ) SURVIVAL NATIONALISM

Opposition to the influence of the Catholic Church in politics . TRICK : anti - clergy

ANTICLERICALISM

Supporter Bishop Ignace Bourget Belief that the Catholic Church holds higher authority than the government . Belief that the Church alone should make laws .

ULTRAMONTANISM

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