Test 5

What happens if a molecule is oxidized?

Oxidized molecules gain electrons (OIL)

What happens if a molecule is reduced?

Reduced agents lose electrons (RIG)

What is an oxidizing agent?

The oxidizing agent is reduced

What is a reducing agent?

The reducing agent is oxidized

Glycolysis Inputs and Outputs

INPUT - Glucose, ATP, NAD+

OUTPUTS - ATP, NADH, Pyruvate

Pyruvate Oxidation Inputs and Outputs

INPUTS - Pyruvate, NAD+, CoEnzyme A

OUTPUTS - NADH, Acetyl-CoA, CO2

Citric Acid Cycle Inputs and Outputs

INPUTS - Acetyl-CoA, NAD+, FAD

OUTPUTS - ATP, CO2, NADH, FADH2

Where is the majority of energy harvested?

The citric Acid Cycle

What is the metabolic relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

They have a relationship because the waste from one is needed to fuel another

Photosynthesis Inputs and Outputs

INPUTS - Water, CO2

OUTPUTS - Glucose, Oxygen, ATP

Cellular Respiration Inputs and Outputs

INPUTS - Glucose, Oxygen

OUTPUTS - ATP, Water, CO2

Where is energy stored in a molecule of glucose?

ATP, NADH, and FADH2

Where does glycolysis and fermentation occur?

Cytoplasm

Where does pyruvate oxidation and citric acid cycle occur?

Mitochondrial matrix

Where does the respiratory chain (Electron transport chain) happen?

Inner membrane of mitochrondria

Where does the oxidative phosphorylation by ATP synthase happen?

Inner membrane of mitochondria and in chloroplast

Two catabolic pathways where most energy is harvested from a molecule of glucose

Anaerobic and Aerobic respiration

Why is respiratory electron transport chain do for cellular respiration and ATP synthesis

It provides H+ gradient for ATP synthase to make ATP

Why does the citric acid cycle and mitochondrial electron transport chain shut down in the absence of oxygen

They become reduced since oxygen grabs electrons off the end of the ETC

What happens to the pH of the matrix without oxygen?

It goes down, becoming more acidic

Why is NAD+ an important product of fernentation

NAD+ is needed to keep glycolysis going due to lack of O2

What is A?

Glucose

What is B?

ATP

What is C?

CO2

What is D?

Electron Carriers

What is E?

Pyruvate

What is F?

AcetylCoA

What is G?

Citric Acid Cycle

What is H?

ETC

Light-Dependent reactions location

Thylakoid membrane

Calvin Cycle location

Stroma of the chloroplast

Calvin Cycle Inputs and Outputs

INPUTS - ATP, NADPH, CO2

OUTPUTS - Sugars, NADP+, and ADP

Light-Dependent reactions Inputs and Outputs

INPUTS - Water, Light, NADP+, ADP

OUTPUTS - NADPH, ATP, Oxygen

What pathway is photosynthesis in which the light energy is transformed and captured as chemical energy

PS II captures and allows electrons to be pulled from water

What pathway in photosynthesis in which chemical energy is stored in a carbohydrate molecule

PS I allows the formation of NADPH

The hydrogen ion gradient is a form of

Potential energy

Protons flowing through ATP synthase is a form of

Kinetic energy

Most important and abundant enzyme on earth?

Rubisco

What happens to CO2 in the Calvin cycle?

CO2 is catalyzed by RuBisCo

What happens to ATP and NADPH

They are the final product of the calvin cycle