Studied by 2 people
Presumptive Signs Definition
changes that the client experiences that make them think that they might be pregnant
Probable Signs Definition
changes that make the examiner suspect a client is pregnant
Positive Signs Definition
explained only by pregnancy
Amenorrhea
-definition & type of sign
abnormal absence of menstruation
presumptive sign
fatigue
presumptive sign
nausea and vomiting
presumptive sign
urinary frequency
presumptive sign
breast changes
-what happens & type of sign
darkened areolae, enlarged montgomery’s glands)
presumptive sign
quickening
-definition & type of sign
slight fluttering movements felt by client between 16-20 weeks gestation
presumptive sign
uterine enlargement
presumptive sign
abdominal enlargement
what happens and type of sign
related to changes in uterine size, shape, and position
probable sign
Hegar’s sign
definition and type of sign
softening and compressibility of lower uterus
probable sign
Chadwick’s sign
definition and type of sign
deepened violet-bluish color of cervix and vaginal mucosa
probable sign
Goodell’s sign
definition and type of sign
softening of the cervical tip
probable sign
ballottement
definition and type of sign
rebound of unengaged fetus
probable sign
Braxton Hick’s contractions
definition and type of sign
false contractions that are painless, irregular and usually relieved by walking
probable sign
positive pregnancy test
probable sign
fetal outline felt by examiner
probable sign
fetal heart sounds
positive sign
visualization of fetus by ultrasound
positive sign
fetal movement palpated by an examiner
positive sign
Nagele’s rule
take the first day of the client’s last menstrual period, subtract 3 months, add 7 days, and 1 year to make it the future
how is pregnancy verified
blood and urine test
provide an accurate assessment for the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Gravida
number of pregnancies
nulligravida, primigravida, multigravida
never been pregnant, in first pregnancy, has had 2+ pregnancy
para
number of pregnancies in which the fetus or fetuses reach 20 weeks of pregnancy, not number of fetuses; parity is not affected whether the fetus is born alive or stillborn
nullipara, primipara, multipara
no pregnancy beyond stage of viability, has completed one pregnancy to stage of viability, has completed 2+ pregnancies to stage of viability
viability
the point in time when an infant has the capacity to survive outside of the uterus. There is not specific weeks of gestation; however, infants born between 22-25 weeks are considered on the threshold of viability
lightening
sensation of decreased abdominal distention during later weeks of pregnancy following the descent of the fetal head into the pelvic inlet
client history assessment topics
reproductive and obstetrical history
psychosocial history
environmental exposures
current exercise and lifestyle
abuse history or risk
family history
medical history
nutritional history
current medications
common discomforts of pregnancy
GI: nausea & vomiting, heartburn
Elimination: constipation, hemorrhoids, urinary frequency
Muscular & Tissue: breast tenderness, backaches, leg cramps, varicose veins and lower extremity edema
Cardiac & Pulmonic: fatigue, SOB, supine hypotension
oral & nasal: gingivitis, nasal stiffness, epistaxis
Braxton Hicks
1st trimester danger signs
burning on urination
severe vomiting (hyperemesis gravidarum)
diarrhea
fever or chills
abdominal cramping
2nd/3rd trimester danger signs
gush of fluid prior to 37 weeks
vaginal bleeding
abdominal pain
changes in fetal activity
persistent vomiting
severe headache
elevated temperature
dysuria
blurred vision
edema of face and hands
epigastric pain
hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia S/S (listed on other slides)
hyperglycemia S/S
concurrent occurrence of flushed dry skin, fruity breath, rapid breathing, increased thirst and urination, headache
hypoglycemia S/S
concurrent occurrence of clammy pale skin, weakness, tremors, irritability, and light headedness
Note 
Flashcard (21)