Prenatal Quiz Guide

Presumptive Signs Definition

changes that the client experiences that make them think that they might be pregnant

Probable Signs Definition

changes that make the examiner suspect a client is pregnant

Positive Signs Definition

explained only by pregnancy

Amenorrhea

-definition & type of sign

abnormal absence of menstruation

presumptive sign

fatigue

presumptive sign

nausea and vomiting

presumptive sign

urinary frequency

presumptive sign

breast changes

-what happens & type of sign

darkened areolae, enlarged montgomery’s glands)

presumptive sign

quickening

-definition & type of sign

slight fluttering movements felt by client between 16-20 weeks gestation

presumptive sign

uterine enlargement

presumptive sign

abdominal enlargement

* what happens and type of sign

related to changes in uterine size, shape, and position

probable sign

Hegar’s sign

* definition and type of sign

softening and compressibility of lower uterus

probable sign

Chadwick’s sign

* definition and type of sign

deepened violet-bluish color of cervix and vaginal mucosa

probable sign

Goodell’s sign

* definition and type of sign

softening of the cervical tip

probable sign

ballottement

* definition and type of sign

rebound of unengaged fetus

probable sign

Braxton Hick’s contractions

* definition and type of sign

false contractions that are painless, irregular and usually relieved by walking

probable sign

positive pregnancy test

probable sign

fetal outline felt by examiner

probable sign

fetal heart sounds

positive sign

visualization of fetus by ultrasound

positive sign

fetal movement palpated by an examiner

positive sign

Nagele’s rule

take the first day of the client’s last menstrual period, subtract 3 months, add 7 days, and 1 year to make it the future

how is pregnancy verified

blood and urine test

* provide an accurate assessment for the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Gravida

number of pregnancies

nulligravida, primigravida, multigravida

never been pregnant, in first pregnancy, has had 2+ pregnancy

para

number of pregnancies in which the fetus or fetuses reach 20 weeks of pregnancy, not number of fetuses; parity is not affected whether the fetus is born alive or stillborn

nullipara, primipara, multipara

no pregnancy beyond stage of viability, has completed one pregnancy to stage of viability, has completed 2+ pregnancies to stage of viability

viability

the point in time when an infant has the capacity to survive outside of the uterus. There is not specific weeks of gestation; however, infants born between 22-25 weeks are considered on the threshold of viability

lightening

sensation of decreased abdominal distention during later weeks of pregnancy following the descent of the fetal head into the pelvic inlet

client history assessment topics

reproductive and obstetrical history

psychosocial history

environmental exposures

current exercise and lifestyle

abuse history or risk

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family history

medical history

nutritional history

current medications

common discomforts of pregnancy

GI: nausea & vomiting, heartburn

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Elimination: constipation, hemorrhoids, urinary frequency

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Muscular & Tissue: breast tenderness, backaches, leg cramps, varicose veins and lower extremity edema

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Cardiac & Pulmonic: fatigue, SOB, supine hypotension

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oral & nasal: gingivitis, nasal stiffness, epistaxis

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Braxton Hicks

1st trimester danger signs

burning on urination

severe vomiting (hyperemesis gravidarum)

diarrhea

fever or chills

abdominal cramping

2nd/3rd trimester danger signs

gush of fluid prior to 37 weeks

vaginal bleeding

abdominal pain

changes in fetal activity

persistent vomiting

severe headache

elevated temperature

dysuria

blurred vision

edema of face and hands

epigastric pain

hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia S/S (listed on other slides)

hyperglycemia S/S

concurrent occurrence of flushed dry skin, fruity breath, rapid breathing, increased thirst and urination, headache

hypoglycemia S/S

concurrent occurrence of clammy pale skin, weakness, tremors, irritability, and light headedness