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stage one of every type of star

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Astronomy

9th

45 Terms

1

stage one of every type of star

stellar nebula

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2

stage two of every type of star

spends time as a star

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3

sizes for all the stars in order from smallest to largest

average mass star, large mass star, very large mass star

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4

stage three for every type of star

red giant

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5

names for all types of stars in stage 3

red giant, red supergiant, massive red supergiant

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6

stage 4 of a average mass star

planetary nebula

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7

stage 4 of a large mass and very large mass star

supernova

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8

stage five of an average mass star

white dwarf

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9

stage five of a large mass star

neutron star

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10

stage five of a very large mass star

black hole

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11

how long does it take for an average mass star to reach dwarf star stage

more than ten billion years

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12

how long does it take for a large mass star to reach neutron star stage

about fifty million years

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13

how long does it take for a super large mass star to reach black hole stage

five million years

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14

as the mass of a star increases…

the lifespan of the star decreases

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15

the last stage of life for the sun

white dwarf

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16

the lifespan of our sun

more than ten billion years

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17

things that have been invented for space exploration

better tires, grooves in road, smoke detectors, fire proof paint, invisible braces

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18

things that are being researched for future space exploration

space elevator, magnetic space train, artificial gravity, asteroid mining, multitude of mini space crafts

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19

elliptical galaxy

dying galaxy, made up of mostly old stars, stars and gases are spread throughout galaxy

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20

spiral galaxy

spirals, most common type, younger and fresher stars

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21

three main components of spiral galaxies

disk = shape of galaxy, bulge = center, only old stars, halo = gas and stars spiraling around in a halo

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22

classification of spiral galaxies

a, b, c, d, a is the tightest spiral

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23

classification of elliptical galaxies

E, numbers 0-7

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24

barred spiral galaxies

similar to spiral galaxies, bar of matter running through the galaxy, shaped like an s

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25

irregular galaxies

doesn’t have a regular shape of galaxy

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26

classifications of irregular galaxy

irr1 has an abundance of hydrogen gas and irr2

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27

what is a star

a star is a luminous ball of gas made up of hydrogen and helium and it is held together by its own gravity

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28

what is a baby star called

protostar

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29

what’s the process in which a star produces energy

nuclear fusion

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30

habitable zone

the distance from a star at which liquid water could exist on orbiting planets surfaces

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31

magnetosphere

a magnetosphere is the region around a planet dominated by the planet's magnetic field

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32

key characteristics that allowed for life to evolve on earth

it is the right distance from the sun, it is protected from harmful solar radiation by its magnetic field, it is kept warm by an insulating atmosphere, and it has the right chemical ingredients for life, including water and carbon

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33

list the planets in order from the sun

mercury, venus, earth, mars, jupiter, saturn, uranus, neptune

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34

the sun’s importance to the earth

it drives weather, ocean currents, seasons, and climate, and makes plant life possible through photosynthesis, without the sun's heat and light, life on earth would not exist

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35

the sun’s importance to the solar system

it holds the solar system together, provides life-giving light, heat, and energy to earth, and generates space weather

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36

the difference between inner planets and outer planets

the four inner planets have shorter orbits, slower spin, no rings, and they are made of rock and metal, the four outer planets have longer orbits and spins, a composition of gases and liquids, numerous moons, and rings, the outer planets are made of hydrogen and helium, so they are called gas giants

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37

the big bang theory

the big bang is how astronomers explain the way the universe began, it is the idea that the universe began as just a single point, then expanded and stretched to grow as large as it is right now, and it is still stretching

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38

what is the galaxy we live in

the milky way galaxy, a barred spiral galaxy

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39

what is nuclear fusion

fusion occurs when two or more atoms are joined together to make a larger atom, stars get their power from nuclear fusion, deep inside a star, hydrogen atoms are constantly being converted by fusion into helium atoms, it's this process that generates the light and heat energy given off by the stars including the sun

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40

what is not a characteristic of a terrestrial planet

lots of moons

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41

why does mercury not have an atmosphere

the temperature is too high

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42

what is found between the inner planets and the outer planets

asteroid belt

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43

what is the average distance from the earth to the sun measured in?

astronomical units

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44

is there blackholes in the center of most galaxies

yes, scientists believe that there are black holes in the majority of all large galaxies

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45

are distances between the planets the same or at equal distances?

no, none of the planets distances between each other are the same

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