Genetic Recombination and Gene Linkage

These flashcards cover key concepts related to genetic recombination, gene linkage, and polyploidy as discussed in the lecture.

What is the definition of genetic recombination?

The new combination of genes produced by crossing over and independent assortment.

What formula can be used to calculate combinations of genes due to independent assortment?

2n, where n is the number of chromosome pairs.

What is gene linkage?

Genes located close to each other on the same chromosome that usually travel together during gamete formation.

How does genetic recombination contribute to variation?

Genetic recombination increases variation by producing new combinations of genes.

What is polyploidy?

The occurrence of one or more extra sets of all chromosomes in an organism.

How is a triploid organism designated?

3n, indicating it has three complete sets of chromosomes.

What is a common characteristic of polyploid plants?

They often exhibit increased vigor and size.

How does crossing over relate to gene linkage?

Crossing over occurs more frequently between genes that are farther apart on a chromosome.

Why is polyploidy lethal in humans?

Polyploidy is always lethal in humans.

What is an example of a polyploid plant?

Common wheat (6N), which has 6 complete sets of chromosomes.