24.1.ABC2 完全不同2 过去·式&分词 : Vowel Change & Ablaut Patterns

Completely different 2, both the past tense and the past participle undergo vowel changes. 💡◆ 最典型 “strong verbs”。 ◆ 来自古英语系统的规则：   ▶ 主元音变化（ablaut）   ▶ “en” 尾缀作为过去分词标记（例如 broken, spoken, given）。 特点：三个形态都不同，过去分词常有 -en 结尾。

ablaut

(/ˈæblaʊt/)

[Linguistics] The changing of vowel sounds within a word to indicate a shift in grammatical function,

e.g.

infnitive	past simple	past participle
break	broke	broken
choose	chose	chosen
speak	spoke	spoken
wake	woke	woken
steal	stole	stolen

broke

[Scenario] (to break) Someone _____ the window of the empty house yesterday.

broken

[Scenario] (to break) I'm so sad; I have _____ the screen of my iPad.

chose

[Scenario] (to choose) She looked at all the colours and finally _____ the pink brush.

chosen

[Scenario] (to choose) Which psychology module have you _____ for next semester?

spoke

[Scenario] (to speak) I _____ to the librarian in Paris about the new books yesterday.

spoken

[Scenario] (to speak) Have you _____ to your psychology tutor about the assignment yet?

woke

[Scenario] (to wake) I _____ up at 5:00 am today to start my fasting protocol.

woken

[Scenario] (to wake) The loud noise outside the house has _____ up everyone.

stole

[Scenario] (to steal) Someone _____ a bike from outside the library last night.

stolen

[Scenario] (to steal) My bike was _____ from the London library parking lot.

blew

[Scenario] (to blow) The wind _____ so hard last night that the trees were shaking.

blown

[Scenario] (to blow) The candles on the birthday cake have already been _____.

grew

[Scenario] (to grow) I _____ these organic vegetables in my garden last summer.

grown

[Scenario] (to grow) You have _____ much taller since the last time I saw you.

knew

[Scenario] (to know) I _____ the answer immediately when the tutor asked the question.

known

[Scenario] (to know) We have _____ each other since we were children in school.

threw

[Scenario] (to throw) I _____ the old magazines into the recycling bin this morning.

thrown

[Scenario] (to throw) The old documents have been _____ away by mistake.

(=The result of "the file is no longer there” now.)

flew

[Scenario] (to fly) We _____ from New York to Beijing in a very small plane.

flown

[Scenario] (to fly) Have you ever _____ in a helicopter over the Southern Alps?

drew

[Scenario] (to draw) She _____ a beautiful diagram for her linguistics presentation.

drawn

[Scenario] (to draw) This beautiful sketch was _____ by a famous local artist.

showed

[Scenario] (to show) He _____ me how to use the new hair tool properly.

shown

[Scenario] (to show) Have you _____ your new flat to your mother yet?

ate

[Scenario] (to eat) I _____ a very large meal during my 8-hour eating window.

eaten

[Scenario] (to eat) I have already _____ my main meal for today.

fell

[Scenario] (to fall) He _____ off his bike yesterday but didn't hurt himself badly.

fallen

[Scenario] (to fall) Be careful! Some rocks have _____ onto the road.

gave

[Scenario] (to give) He _____ me some great advice about living in New Zealand.

given

[Scenario] (to give) I have already _____ the cat its food this morning.

saw

[Scenario] (to see) I _____ a beautiful sunset over the Paris beach yesterday.

seen

[Scenario] (to see) I haven't _____ that flim yet; is it any good?

took

[Scenario] (to take) I _____ my supplements right after I woke up this morning.

taken

[Scenario] (to take) Has the dog been _____ for a walk yet today?