Ireland Quiz #2

Tanistry/Tanaiste

native practice of succession, heir to chieftain if Taoiseach is to die

Surrender and Regrant

The English wanted to have the Irish surrender their land, and they would have the land regranted but they had to pay rent and had to act English

The British gave titles to the Irish when doing this, with a sense of controlling them.

Flight of the Earls

1607, Gaelic Chieftains flee after the Nine Years war to countries (catholic like France and Spain) that will take them. They wanted to come back and get control but they ultimately died in the papist countries

Plantation of Ulster 

uprooting of natives, oppression, suppression of native population in any rights

Oliver Cromwell - “To Hell or Connaught!” 

They sent the Irish natives to Connaught which wasn’t fertile land at all, but said either go or die

William of Orange; Battle of the Boyne, July 12th 1690

William of Orange defeats James III

Northern Ireland is conquered by England

There is a celebration every year on July 12th where the Protestant amplify the history of dominance over the Catholic

Wild Geese 

Some of the soldiers of James II, they fled to other countries to join armies that fought

Penal Laws 

Discriminatory laws against the Irish Catholics

hedge school

secret schools

Mercantilism

regulatory trade system controlled by the crown

United Irishmen

led by anglo-protestants and scots, supported by poor irish catholics, advocated by rights of man by Thomas Paine

promoting cross cultural movement

radical reform of people in parliament, popular representation in parliament

religious freedom

inspired by american and french revolution

Theobald Wolfetone

Protestant, leader during united Irishman, convinced French generals to come invade Ireland but due to weather the ships went back and Wolfe Tone was a martyr, was known as the father of the republican movement

Henry Joy McCracken

Protestant, leader during united irishman

Mary Ann McCracken

Henry Joy McCracken's sister, advocate for woman and ireland, salon madame

The Orange Society/The Orange Order

 prevent the unity between all the people in Ireland

protestant ascendancy

continuing the work of King William of Orange

Daniel O’Connell “The Liberator”

icon of constitutional efforts

constitutional approach

opposed armed rebellion

started the Catholic Association, like an unofficial parliament

An Gorta Mór 

 the peasant Irish is only allowed to eat potatoes, they had to ship everything to Britain

Potatoes rot, so the Irish are left to starve

1 mill people dead from starvation and disease, 2 mill emigrate to america or canada

Long term effect of the hunger 

strengthen catholic faith, 90% going to church, very conservative

mayyth, shame based religious movement, Britain founded it to being oppression to Irish

Black 47

worst year of the great hunger, 1847

Young Irelanders 

during great Hunger

they see what is going on, with Irish being taken away from culture and language

gaelic cultural revival group

Disestablishment

liberal reform, of the anglican church, they take it away

Landlordism 

owning land that people pay rent to live on/farm on

Charles Stewart Parnell

Irish nationalist, supports free Irish, selected as part of parliament

Ran the Irish National League to make local decisions

The Land Wars

fought for Fair Rent, Fixity of Tenure and Free Sale

Home Rule and “Home Rule is Rome Rule” 

Irish Parliament, local level, fails

It reflected their fear that a self-governing Ireland (Home Rule) would be controlled by the Roman Catholic Church, leading to religious persecution and economic decline for the Protestant minority.

Fenian Brotherhood/Irish Republican Brotherhood

Fenians in America, join the Union army during the civil army, in training for their revolution

Bata Scoir

tally stick, kids were hit the amount of times they spoke Irish in school

Thomas Paine/The Rights of Man

 rights of every person, mankind