Cell organelle functions

What is the function of the nucleus?

The nucleus acts as the control center of the cell, housing DNA and regulating gene expression.

What does the mitochondria do?

Mitochondria produce ATP through cellular respiration, providing energy for the cell.

What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

The ER synthesizes proteins and lipids; the rough ER has ribosomes for protein synthesis, while the smooth ER is involved in lipid production.

What is the function of ribosomes?

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptides.

What role do lysosomes play in the cell?

Lysosomes contain enzymes for digestion and waste removal, breaking down macromolecules and cellular debris.

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus?

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

What do chloroplasts do in plant cells?

Chloroplasts conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy (glucose).

What function does the cell membrane serve?

The cell membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell, providing protection and structural support.

What is the cytoplasm?

Cytoplasm is the gel-like substance within the cell that contains organelles and is the site for many cellular processes.

What is the importance of the cytoskeleton?

The cytoskeleton provides structural support, facilitates cell movement, and organizes the contents of the cell.

What do peroxisomes do?

Peroxisomes contain enzymes that detoxify harmful substances and metabolize fatty acids.

What is the function of the vacuole in plant cells?

Vacuoles store nutrients, waste products, and help maintain turgor pressure in plant cells.

What do centrioles do?

Centrioles are involved in cell division, helping organize the mitotic spindle.

What is the role of the plasma membrane?

The plasma membrane controls the movement of ions and molecules in and out of the cell and facilitates communication.

What is the function of the cell wall?

The cell wall provides structure and protection to plant cells, maintaining their shape.

What role do nucleoli play in the nucleus?

Nucleoli synthesize ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and assemble ribosome subunits.

What is the function of secretory vesicles?

Secretory vesicles transport proteins and other molecules to the cell membrane for secretion.

What are the functions of rough ER?

The rough ER is involved in synthesizing and processing proteins intended for secretion.

What is the function of smooth ER?

The smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis, detoxification processes, and calcium ion storage.

What role do glyoxysomes play in plant cells?

Glyoxysomes convert stored fats into carbohydrates during seed germination.