Unit 1: Global Tapestry

Flashcards of vocabulary terms from the AP World History notes.

Chinese imperial bureaucracy

A vast organization in which appointed officials carried out the empire’s policies.

Meritocracy

A system where people demonstrate their knowledge on an exam and are rewarded by getting top jobs if they do well

Champa rice

A fast-ripening and drought-resistant strain of rice from the Champa kingdom in Vietnam, which expanded agricultural production in China.

Proto-industrialization

When experienced artisans made more goods than they could sell.

Tribute system

A system where other states had to give money/goods to the Chinese. This provided stability among all of the states involved as it stimulated trade for everyone.

Scholar gentry

Expansion of the bureaucracy created a new social class who were educated in Confucian policies and became the most influential class in China.

Role of women in Confucianism

Confucian teaching that included that women should be respected but are expected to be controlled by men.

Foot binding

Wrapping young girls' feet so tightly that their feet wouldn’t grow properly, which signified social status.

Neo-confucianism

A combination of confucian policies and more abstract ideas of Taoism.

Heian Period

Japanese copied Chinese traditions in literature, art, and politics.

Mamluks

Egypt recruited slaves that served as soldiers and government officials. They seized Egypt and established the Mamluk Sultanate.

Seljuk Turks

Captured parts of the Middle East and dethroned the caliph.

Nasiral-Din al-Tusi

Made significant contributions to math. More specifically, astronomy, law, logic, ethics, mathematics, philosophy, and medicine. He laid the groundwork for trigonometry.

Ibn Khaldun

Was well known for creating the fields of historiography.

A’ishah al-Ba’uniyyah

Made significant work in poetry. Her work reflected on the traditions of Sufis.

Sufis

Instead of focusing on studying the Quran, they focused on learning through spiritual practices like meditating and praying. It’s a branch of Islam that adapted to local cultures.

Swahili

Traders blended Arabic and Bantu to develop this language.

Jizya tax

A tax that the non-muslim people had to pay the empire for not being muslim.

Urdu

A new language that emerged from the combination of Hindi and some words from Farsi and Arabic.

Bhakti Movement

Instead of reading religious texts or performing rituals, they focused on developing a strong attachment to one strong deity.

Srivijaya Empire

Kingdom, charged fees for ships traveling between India and China.

Majapahit Kingdom

Buddhist, and sustained its power by controlling trade like the Srivijaya kingdom.

Khmer Empire/Angkor kingdom

Had strong irrigation and drainage systems that caused its economic growth.

Mississippian Culture

Built enormous earthen mounds.

Maya City-States

The main form of government was a city-state, each ruled by a king and consisting of a city and its surrounding territory.

Aztecs/Mexicas

Built chinampas to increase the amount of space for food production.

Tribute system -Aztecs

Conquered people were forced to pay tribute, surrender lands, and perform military service.

Mita system

System, where conquered people were obligated to work on agricultural and other forms of labor.

Quipu

A system of knotted strings that was used to record numerical information.

Feudalism

A political system that exchanged land for loyalty.

Vassal

A person who owed service to another person of higher status.

Code of chivalry

An unwritten set of rules that focused on honor, courtesy, and bravery as a way to settle disputes.

Manor System

A system that involved large lands where peasants and lords lived.

Serfs

The peasants that worked on the Manors.

Estates-General

An advisory body to the king that included representatives from each of the classes, or estates: the clergy, nobility, and commoners.

Magna Carta

Required the King to respect certain rights.

Monasticism

A religious way of life to withdraw from the world to embrace Christianity by meditating and praying.

Crusades

The military campaign to regain control of Jerusalem.

Marco Polo

Italian explorer, traveled to Beijing to visit Kublai Khan’s court.

Bourgeoisie

The middle class.

Renaissance

The expansion of trade, the growth of agricultural production, and the rise of the middle class sparked creativity in Europe.

Humanism

The focus on individuals rather than religion.