Clinical Bacteriology - Laboratory - Structures and Composition of Microorganisms

Virulence

It is the ability of the microorganism to cause disease.

Structure

This refers to the shape of what's causing the virulence.

Composition

This is the substance found in the structure causing the virulence.

Structure and composition

Things or substances present within the organism that causes infection to a human host.

Granular inclusion bodies

Structure: Small round numerous circles found within the body of the organism

Small round numerous circles found within the body of the organism

Granular inclusion bodies structure

Accumulations of metaphosphates and polyphosphates

Granular inclusion bodies composition

Energy reserve

Granular inclusion bodies virulence mechanism

Metachromatic granules, polar bodies

Other names for Granular inclusion bodies

Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Granular inclusion bodies representative organism

Corynebacterium diptheriae

Causative agent of diptheria

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Causative agent of pulmonary tuberculosis

Virulent

This word means that an organism is capable of causing infection.

Metachromasia

It is the reason why granular inclusion bodies are called metachromatic granules.

Metachromasia

It is a property of granular inclusion bodies where it causes it to appear in different colors from that of the dye used to stain it.

Methylene blue

Main dye used to stain granular inclusion bodies

Blue

Methylene blue dye color

Purple or violet

What is the color of granular inclusion bodies when stained with Methylene blue?

Volutin granules of Babes-Ernst

Metachromatic granules of Corynebacterium diptheriae

Chinese letter appearance

Corynebacterium diptheriae looks like what?

Babes-Ernst granules

Other name for Volutin granules of Babes-Ernst

Flagella

Are hair-like or whip-like extensions from the body of the organism

Whip-like extensions from the body of the organism

Flagella structure

Flagellin

Flagella composition

Fibrous protein

What is the characteristic of the composition of flagellin?

Motility

Flagella primary virulence mechanism

Posses antigenic properties

Flagella secondary virulence mechanism

Flagella

If an organism has a flagella and it enters the body, what part of its body triggers the immune system to release phagocytes after the organism?

Non-motile

What do you call the motility of an organism with no flagella?

Mordant

What reagent is used to demonstrate flagella?

Mordant

This bridges the color of the primary stain to the organism's flagella, causing the flagella to become thicker.

Tannic acid

What is the specific reagent necessary for the demonstration of flagella?

Number of flagella and location of flagella in the body of the organism

What are the two criteria of the Messea's classification?

Messea's classification

What is the classification of flagella called when it is classified according to the number and location of flagella?

Atrichous

Term used when the organism has no flagella

Monotrichous flagellum

Presence of one (1) flagellum on the organism

Lophotrichous flagella

Tuft of flagella on one side of the organism

Amphitrichous flagella

Flagella on both sides of the organism

Peritrichous flagella

Numerous flagella around the organism

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Flagella representative organism

Endospore

Spores found within the body of the organism

Endospore

Hole-like structures in the body of the organism

Hole-like structures in the body of the organism

Endospore structure

Calcium dipicholinate or dipicholinic acid

Endospore composition

Resists disinfection

Endospore virulence mechanism

Endospore

This enables the microorganism to resist physical agents of disinfection.

Central endospore

Endospore in the center of the organism

Bacillus subtilis

Central endospore representative organism

Subterminal endospore

Endospore located near the end of the organism

Terminal endospore

Endospore located at the end portion of the organism

Terminal endospore

Endospore that is lollipop, tennis racket, or drumstick in appearance

Clostridium tetani

Terminal endospore representative organism

Clostridium tetani

Causative agent of tetanus

Slime layer and capsule

Water-soluble structure; unstained halo around the organism

Polysaccharides

Slime layer and capsule composition

Slime layer

This structure has polysaccharides surrounding the microorganism present in scanty amount.

Capsule

This structure has polysaccharides surrounding the microorganism in abundant or copious amounts, forming a definite layer.

Green

When slime layer and capsules are stained and not yet washed out with water, what is the color of the aforementioned structures?

Sarcina lutea

Slime layer representative organism

Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus pneumoniae

Capsule representative organism

Adhesion or Adherence or Attachment

Slime layer virulence mechanism

Anti-phagocytosis and anti-complementary

Capsule virulence mechanism