72. Hashing

Hashing

One-way cryptographic function that takes an input and produces a unique message digest as its output

Hash digests are always the same length

True

Common Hashing algorithms

MD5

SHA Family

RIPEMD

HMAC

To use digital signatures you need certain algorithms

(DSA) Digital Security Algorithm

(RSA) Rivest-Shamir-Adleman cipher

Elliptic Curve Cryptography version fo either DSA or SHA

MD5

Creates a 128-bit hash value that is unique to the input file

SHA Family

Secure Hash Algorithm Family

Collision

When two files have the exact same resulting hash digest

Secure Hash Algorithm Family

Created due to the limited number of unique hash values associated with MD5

SHA-1

Creates a 160-bit hash digest, which significantly reduces the number of collisions that occur

SHA-2

Family of hash functions that contain hash digests of more than 160-bits. Includes SHA-224, 256, 384, and 512

SHA-3

Newer family of hash functions and its hash digest can go between 224 bits and 512 bits

RIPEMD

RACE Integrity Primitive Evaluation Message Digest

RACE Integrity Primitive Evaluation Message Digest

Comes in 160-bit, 256-bit, and 320-bit versions

RIPEMD-160

Open-source hashing algorithm that was created as a competitor to the SHA family

HMAC

Hash-based Message Authentication Code

Hash-based Message Authentication Code

Used to check the integrity of a message and provides some level of assurance that its authenticity is real

Digital Signature

Created by hashing a file and then taking that resulting hash digest and encrypting it with a private key

DSS

Digital Security Standard

Digital Security Standard

Relies upon a 160-bit message digest created by the digital security algorithm