Unit 2 - Period 2: 1607-1754

Jamestown

The first successful English settlement in North America.

• settled around the Chesapeake Bay in Virginia 

Puritans

A religious group that came to the Americas looking mainly for religious freedom

• Founded Massachusetts Bay Colony

• Puritans wanted to reform the Church of England, not separate from it 

Pilgrims 

Another religious group that also came to the Americas for religious freedom

• Founded Plymouth Colony 

• Came on the Mayflower

• Pilgrims were Separatists - wanted to separate from Church of England 

Mayflower Compact

A contract written on the Mayflower that outlined the Pilgrims’ plan to self-govern and to abide by the laws for the common good of the colony 

• early example of self-government and democratic values 

Massachusetts Bay Colony

Settled by the Puritans in 1630 who wanted the colony to become a model Christian community 

• Urban centers: Boston, Salem

• Corporate Colony

Plymouth

Settled by the Pilgrims in 1620 who wanted to build a religious community that was separate from the Anglican Church

• Later became apart of Massachusetts 

• Corporate Colony 

Rhode Island

Colony created by Roger Williams, who wanted it to serve as a religious haven 

• Accepted all religions 

  • many religious and political dissenters from MA went to Rhode Island 

Roger Williams

The founder of Rhode Island who was exiled by the Church in MA for being a religious dissenter

Anne Hutchinson

Another religious dissenter who was forced out of the MA colony

William Penn

Founder of Pennsylvania who was a prominent Quaker in England and received a charter from King Charles II to create the colony

• wanted Pennsylvania to be a religious haven (especially for Quakers)

Quakers

Protestant group that believed in divine connection, religious freedom, pacifism and social justice. 

Proprietary Colony

A type of colony governed by someone who was granted a charter by the King to create that colony.

Royal Colony 

A colony that was directly under the crown’s management with the help of a Royal governor.

Corporate Colony 

A colony that was created by the funding from Joint-Stock companies and usually elected governors.

Indentured servitude 

The main labor system used in the colonies in the 1600s where poor English people would secure passage to the Americas by signing a contract to work for 5-7 years. 

Bacon’s Rebellion

A large scale rebellion against the rising upper class in colonial America 

• Led by Nathaniel Bacon 

  • had strong grudge towards Virginia Governor Sir William Berkeley 

• Consisted of mostly previous indentured servants and poor farmers 

Pueblo Revolt 

In 1680, the Pueblo Peoples successfully revolted against the Spanish who had trying to dominate their society for a long time.

• Spanish imposed Christianity on the Pueblo Peoples  

King Philip’s War

Large scale war where Metacom united other native groups to attack the colonial settlers in New England.

• Ultimately unsuccessful 

Pequot War

A war that broke out due to rising tensions between the Pequot Natives and the New England colonies along with their native allies, the Narragansetts and Mohegans. 

• “Mystic Massacre”: ~700 Pequots were killed or taken captive when colonial forces alongside their native allies attacked a Pequot town 

The Great Awakening

The Enlightenment 

Zenger Trial

Seven Years War