AP 12 - Nervous System Terms

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Biology

12th

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32 Terms

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Left hemisphere
controls right side of body
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neuro transmitter
a chemical substance that assists with carrying a message to the next neuron
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homeostasis
ability of the body to maintain a stable internal environment
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nervous system
system made of your brain, spinal cord and nerves
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cerebrum
largest part of the brain; controls reasoning , and memory
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peripheral nervous system (PHS)
subdivision of the nervous system that brings info to CNS
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brain stem
contains midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
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grey matter
darker tissue of brain and spinal cord, made mainly nerve cells and dendrites
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impulse
message that travels from the dendrites of a neuron to the axon
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spinal cord
part of CNS that links the brain to the rest of the body
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dendrite
extensions of a neuron that receives messages and conduct impulses towards cell
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somatic nervous system
subdivision of PNS that controls voluntary activities such activation of skeletal muscles
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hypothalmus
contols thirst, hunger, and body temp
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reflex
rapid response to protect from danger without a person thinking about it
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central nervous system (CNS)
consists of brain and spinal cord
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sensory neuron
neuron that carries messages with sense information
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cerebellum
responsible for balance, coordination, and routine movement
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right hemisphere
controls left side of body
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autonomic nervous system
part of nervous system that controls involunary responses and actions
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white matter
paler tissue of brain and spinal cord, made mainly of myelin sheaths
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axon
long nerve fiber that conducts away from the body of the neuron
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stimuli
changes in environment that cause a response
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cortical folds
folds in the brain that allow for greater surface area
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vertabrae
backbones taht protect spinal cord
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mylein sheath
insulating layer along the axon of a nerve cell; made mainly of fat and protein
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reflex arc
the nerve pathway involved in a reflex action
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motor neuron
type of neuron that carries messages telling muscles to move
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synapse
a small gap between neurons that neurotransmitters travel across
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hippocampus
stores long term memory
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neurons
nerve cell; basic building block of nervous system
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Diencephalon
structures that maintain homeostasis
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WHat structures are part of the diencephalon?
* thalamus
* hypothalamus
* pineal gland