Nursing Terminology- Unit 3 Review

Muscle contractions that move food bolus through the digestive tract.

Peristalsis

Gallstones (spell it)

Cholelithiasis

Exploratory laparotomy

Incision into the abdomen/abdominal wall to determine a problem within the abdomen

GERD

gastroesophageal reflux disease

blockage of normal passage of intestinal contents.

small bowel obstruction (SBO)

The urinary system consists of what 4 things?

The kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra

low urine output

oliguria

Nephrectomy

Surgical removal of a kidney

ESRD

end-stage renal disease

abnormal secretion of large amounts of urine

diuresis or polyuria

Hormones

chemicals secreted into the bloodstream that cause bodily reactions that regulate body functions and maintain internal balance

Mastectomy

Surgical removal of a breast

colposcopy

visual examination of the vagina

STI

sexually transmitted infection

BPH abbreviation

benign prostatic hypertrophy/benign prostatic hyperplasia

Secretes enzymes to break down proteins, fats, and carbs, neutralizes stomach acid, and releases insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar.

Pancreas

hyperkalemia

high levels of potassium (K+) in the blood

hyponatremia

low levels of sodium (Na+) in the blood

DKA

diabetic ketoacidosis

What are the 3 hallmark symptoms of diabetes and what do they mean?

polydipsia = increased thirst

polyphagia = increased appetite

polyuria = increased urination

hypertrophy

Muscle increases in size?

kyphosis

increase in the curvature of the thoracic vertebrae, causing a hump or hunchback.

BKA

below-the-knee amputation

THA

total hip arthroplasty

osteoarthritis

Degenerative joint disease causing inflammation and decreased ROM in weight-bearing joints.

CKD

Chronic Kidney Disease – Chronic condition where the kidneys gradually lose function.

Combining form for kidney

nephr/o

Hyperglycemia

High glucose

Hypercalcemia

High calcium

Combining form for vertebrae

vertebr/o, spondyl/o

home/o

Same; constant

Colace

Stool softener (NOT for nausea/vomitting)

Hydronephrosis

Distended & dilated renal pelvis & calyces due to urine outflow obstruction