Reconstruction Study Guide

Flashcards about Reconstruction

The 10% plan required __.

10% of state voters must pledge loyalty to the US, new state government must ratify the 13th amendment, and Southerners were pardoned and able to keep private property.

The Wade-Davis Bill required __.

50% of state voters must pledge loyalty to the US, new government must abolish slavery and give Black men the right to vote, Confederate soldiers couldn't vote, and high ranking Confederate officers couldn't vote or hold office.

Lincoln blocked the Wade-Davis Bill by __.

He used a pocket veto by not signing the bill while Congress was on recess.

Andrew Johnson was __.

He was Lincoln's VP, a Southern Democrat from Tennessee, hated the Southern elite planters, and was against slavery but didn't support equal rights for Black citizens.

Johnson worked around Congress by __.

He stated his plan when Congress was on recess.

Johnson's Presidential Reconstruction plan __.

It granted amnesty and pardons to Confederate officials, returned confiscated property, states had to ratify the 13th amendment, and did not support the Freedmen's Bureau.

The Civil Rights Act of 1866 __.

It granted full equality and citizenship to "every race and color."

The Radical Republicans were __.

Republicans who believed the Confederacy should be punished, wanted to protect freed people's rights, supported the Freedmen's Bureau, and gained control of Congress after the 1866 elections.

The Military Reconstruction Act of 1867 __.

Divided the South into 5 military districts under control of a Union general and troops, states had to ratify the 13th and 14th amendments, and give Black men the right to vote.

The Tenure of Office Act __.

It prevented the President from removing officials without Senate approval.

Congress passed the Military Reconstruction Act and Tenure of Office Act by __.

Congress overrode Johnson's veto.

Congress impeached Johnson because __.

Johnson fired the Secretary of War (Stanton) without Senate approval, leading to impeachment charges, but the Senate found him not guilty.

The Freedmen's Bureau __.

Opened schools, helped negotiate labor contracts, provided food, clothing, and shelter, registered marriages, and tried to protect civil rights.

The head of the Freedmen's Bureau was __.

Oliver Otis Howard

Approximately __ schools were created for freedpeople with the help of the Freedmen's Bureau.

3000

__ is an historically black college founded during Reconstruction.

Howard University

__ black legislators held office during Reconstruction.

2000

Carpetbaggers were __.

Republicans (northerners) who came to the South to seek economic opportunity and help rebuild the South.

Scalawags were __.

White Southern Republicans.

The Enforcement Acts __.

Protect civil rights for newly freed people, make it a federal crime to violate people's right to vote, hold office or serve on a jury, and authorized federal government to oversee elections and gave the president the right to enforce acts.

The Compromise of 1877 resulted in __.

Democrats agreed to give the presidency to Hayes, and Republicans agreed to end the military presence in the South.

Black Codes were __.

State laws that limited the rights and behavior for freed people in the South and later became Jim Crow Laws.

The Ku Klux Klan __.

It was a secret, white supremacist group formed during Reconstruction to terrorize the Black community and prevent Black men from voting.

Jim Crow Laws included __.

Education: separate schools, bus drivers had to be same race as students. Marriage: no interracial marriage, no interracial adoption. Public Accommodation: separate entrances, ticket booths, bathrooms, seating areas. Voting Rights: poll taxes, literacy tests, grandfather clause. Transportation: separate train cars, streetcars.

The Plessy v. Ferguson decision was __.

The Supreme Court Case that legalized segregation if it was "separate but equal".

The 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments __.

13th - abolish slavery, 14th - granted citizenship and equal protection, 15th - right to vote regardless of race.