Carbohydrate Elements & Structure
C, H, O
Carbohydrate Subunit/Monomers
Monosaccharides
Carbohydrate covalent bonds
Glycosidic Bonds
Carbohydrate Functions
Quick energy, structure, storage
Carbohydrate Examples
Sugar, honey, fruits
Lipid Elements & Structure
C, H, O
Lipid Monomer/Subunit
Glycerol + fatty acids
Lipid covalent bond
Ester bonds
Lipid functions
High energy storage, body insulation, organ protection
Lipid examples
Butter, oil, wax
Protein Elements & Structure
C, H, O, N, S
Protein subunit/monomer
Amino acids
Protein covalent bonds
Peptide bonds
Protein functions
Movement, immunity, structure, transport, enzymes
Protein examples
Seafood, eggs
Nucleic Acid Elements & Structure
Sugar, phosphate, base
Nucleic Acid monomer/subunit
Nucleotides
Nucleic Acid covalent bond
Hydrogen bonds
Nucleic Acid functions
storage & express genetic info
Nucleic Acid Examples
DNA & RNA
Pyrimidine Nucleotides
C, T (in DNA), & U (in RNA) ; one six-membered ring of carbon & nitrogen atoms
Purine Nucleotides
A, G ; longer w/ six membered ring fused to five membered ring
Monomer
subunit of polymers
Polymer
long molecule w/ many similar monomers joined by covalent bonds
Hydrolysis
breaks bonds between two molecules by adding water