PPP Exam 4 information

Sinus Tachycardia

Type of arrhythmia; heart rate above 100bpm at rest

Sinus Bradycardia

Type of arrhythmia; heart rate less than 60 bpm at rest

atrial fibrillation

Rapid, involuntary, irregular muscular contraction of the atrium

ventricular fibrillation

Involuntary and uncoordinated contraction of the ventricle; most frequent cause of cardiac arrest

sick sinus syndrome

Type of arrhythmia associated with older adults and presents with bradycardia mixed with tachycardia or AV block

heart block (Atrioventricular block)

Type of arrhythmia; First-third degree - conduction between atria and ventricles

primary hypertension

type of hypertension; likely a result of numerous genetic and environmental factors

secondary hypertension

type of hypertension; common and uncommon medical conditions outside of the cardiovascular system that increase blood pressure

130 80

Hypertension is defined as taking antihypertensive medication or having a systolic pressure greater than _____ and/or diastolic pressure greater than ____ mmHg

chronic stable angina

type of angina; predicatable with increase in emotional and physical stress --:> easily dissipates with rest or nitroglycerin, no pain occurs at rest, consistent over time

resting angina

type of angina; pain occurs at rest in the supine position often at the same time of day, pain is not brought on by exercise and is not relieved by rest

unstable angina

type of angina; change in intensity, frequency, and stimulus threshold compared to chronic stable angina --> usually pain lasting longer than 20 to 30 minutes, changes need a follow-up by a physician

nocturnal angina

type of angina; wakes from sleep by same sensation resulting by physical exertion; may be associated with congestive heart failure

atypical angina

type of angina; usual pain that is relieved by rest or nitroglycerin

Prinzmetal's angina

type of angina; involuntary coronary artery spasm which occurs at rest most often in early morning

50 40

HDL less than ____ mg/dL for female and less than ____ mg/dL for men

100

LDL greater than _____ mg/dL

150

Triglycerides greater than _____ mg/dL

200

Total cholesterol greater than _____ mg/dL

6

more than ____ arrhythmia in an hour is bad

0.03

elevated cardiac troponin I and T (Normal < _____ ng/mL)

the three Ps

• pleuritic pain- respiratory movement makes pain worse

• pain and palpation

• pain with changes in position

  • if 2 of the 3 are present MI is unlikely