The Vikings: Essential Notes

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts, terms, and aspects of Viking culture, society, and history.

Viking Age

The period from 793 to 1066 CE when Vikings engaged in raiding and expansion.

Raiding and Expansion

Vikings evolved from small-scale raids to organized larger fleets targeting monasteries and coastal towns.

Berserker

Fierce warriors known for their combat skills in Viking culture.

Drakkar

Long, narrow ships used by Vikings for raids and exploration.

Danelaw

An area in England that was under Viking control.

Odin

Chief god of the Vikings, associated with wisdom and war.

Jarls

The noble and leadership class in Viking society.

Karls

Farmers, tradesmen, and commoners in Viking society.

Thralls

Slaves in Viking society with limited rights.

Valhalla

The mythical hall where warriors went after death, signifying a noble death in battle.

Knorrs

Broader merchant ships used by Vikings for trade.

Lindisfarne

Location of the first recorded Viking raid in 793 CE.

Battle of Hastings

The event in 1066 CE that marked the end of the Viking Age.

Christianization

The process by which Viking lands gradually converted to Christianity, impacting their traditional beliefs.

Daily Life and Economy

Vikings lived primarily in an agricultural society, engaged in crafts, trading, and raiding for wealth.

Longhouse

A traditional Viking dwelling that featured shared living spaces and communal cooking areas.

Roles of Women

Women in Viking society managed households, prepared food, and oversaw farming when men were away.

Children's Education

Children learned skills from parents, participated in chores, and were taught sagas and family history.

Viking Exploration and Settlement

Vikings were skilled navigators who explored and settled lands including Iceland, Greenland, and parts of North America (Vinland).

Runes

An ancient Germanic alphabet used by Vikings for writing, inscriptions, and divination.

Sagas

Long prose narratives of Norse history and legends, often detailing heroic deeds and family lineages.