HUMAN GEOGRAPHY AP 4

Culture

Group of belief systems, norms, and values practiced by a people.

Folk Culture

Small, homogeneous population that is typically rural and cohesive in cultural traits passed down from generation to generation.

Popular Culture

Cultural traits such as dress, diet, and music that identify and are part of today’s changeable, urban-based, media-influenced, global society.

Local Culture

People who see themselves as a collective or community, share experiences, customs, and traits, and work to preserve them in a place.

Material Culture

Physical aspects of culture, including art, tools, buildings, and clothing made by people.

Non-Material Culture

Non-physical aspects of culture, including beliefs, practices, aesthetics, and values.

Hearth

Area or place where an idea, innovation, or technology originates.

Custom

A routine or common practice of a culture.

Assimilation

When a minority group loses distinct cultural traits and adopts the customs of the dominant culture; can be forced or voluntary.

Indigenous Local Cultures

People who see themselves as a community and identify as indigenous or original to a place.

Neolocalism

A conscious effort to define a sense of place for a local or regional culture, often used by local businesses.

Ethnic Neighborhood

An area within a city where a large group of people from one ethnic group or local culture lives.

Gentrification

Renewal of a lower-income neighborhood into a higher-income one, raising property values and displacing lower-income residents.

Cultural Appropriation

When one culture adopts customs or knowledge from another culture for its own benefit.

Commodification

The transformation of goods, services, or ideas into products that can be bought and sold.

Authenticity

The idea that a place or experience is genuine or original.

Distance Decay

The decreasing likelihood of diffusion as distance from the hearth increases.

Time-Space Compression

Increased global connectedness due to faster transportation and communication technologies.

Music Festivals

Multi-day concert events featuring multiple performers and additional entertainment.

Hallyu

The global spread of South Korean popular culture, especially K-pop and K-dramas.

Reterritorialization

When a local culture adapts an aspect of popular culture to fit its own traditions.

Cultural Landscapes

The visible human imprint on the physical landscape.

Placelessness

The loss of uniqueness of a place so locations look similar to each other.

Convergence

The merging of cultural landscapes due to widespread diffusion.

Urban Morphology

The layout and structure of a city, including building sizes, shapes, and infrastructure patterns.