Biomedical therapy

What is biomedical therapy

Used to treat biological (Organic) disorders by restoring or maintaining biochemical balances

4 primary classifications of psychotropic medications

• Antidepressants

• Antianxieties

• Antipsychotics (Neuroleptics)

• Mood stabilizers

Antidepressants (SND)

• Serotonin

• Norepinephrine

• Dopamine

Antianxieties

Affects the neurotransmitter GABA

GABA

Gamma aminobutyric acid

Antipsychotics (DS)

• Dopamine

• Serotonin

Mood stabilizers

Dopamine

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

• Active molecular compound commonly used in antidepressant and antianxiety medication

• Block the reabsorption of serotonin by the presynaptic neuron, which increases the amount available to the postsynaptic dendrites

Psychosurgery and neurosurgery

• Evasive, typically last resort, medical (Surgical) procedures designed to alleviate extreme pathological symptoms

• Severing neural pathways or disengaging cellular structures within the brain to minimize symptoms

3 types of psychosurgery and neurosurgery

• Lobectomy

• Leucotomy

• Lobotomy

Lobectomy

Effects the corpus callosum causing a split brain

Corpus callosum

Let’s the right hemisphere communicate with left hemisphere

Leucotomy

Effects the limbic system

Limbic system

Group of structures in the brain that controls emotions, memory, motivation, behavior, and survival instincts

Lobotomy

• Effects the frontal lobe

• Surgical procedures designed to disengage specified regions of the prefrontal cortex

• Disconnecting neural pathways from the thalamus to frontal lobe

Frontal lobe

Helps you think, make choices, move, and control your behavior

Electroconvulsive therapy

• Electroshock therapy

• Procedure attempting to reestablish rhythmic homeostasis of bioelectrical impulses

• Patient is exposed to regulated cycles of electricity causing a brief cortical seizure

• Neural circuitry realigns as brain reboots

• Electrical overloads stimulate the natural production and distribution of neurotransmitters

Insulin shock therapy

• Injecting insulin based compounds into the carotid artery causing the body to convulse into a seizure and initiate a brief insulin coma

• Intentions of the shock is to synchronize bioelectrical fields similar to electroconvulsive therapy

• Insulin induced comas promote neural cell recovery and structural integrity of brain tissue