Medical Terms 4

epidermis

epidermis

outer layer of skin: water proof layer that functions as protection a contains melanocytes that secrete melanin

dermis

deep layer of skin that contain the sweat and oil glands; also contains tiny muscles attached to the hair follicles

subcutaneous layer

layer of loose connective tissue that connects the tissue to the surface muscles; contains the blood vessels and fat; also called the hypodermis

adipocytes

fat cells that make up most of the subcutaneous layer

arrector pili muscles

tiny muscle that attach to the hair follicle

hair

veralinized fibers that arise from hair follicles

hair follicle

area from which hair grows; located in the dermis

Keratin

protein found in the hair and nails that promotes hardness

keratinocytes

cells found in the epidermal layer of skin that secrete keratin and assist in water proofing the skin

melanocytes

cells that give color to skin, eyes, and hair by secreting the pigment melanin; located in dermis

nail

translucent plate made of Keratin that covers at protects the ends of the fingers of toes

sebaceous glands

glands that secrete oil (sebum), into the hair follicle and onto the epidermis

sebum

oily secretion of sebaceous gland

odip/o

fat

cry/o

cold

elect/o

electric

erythr/o

red

hidr/o

sweat

kerat/o

hard

myc/o

fungus

necr/o

death

onych/o

nail

pachy/o

thick

py/o

pus

rhytid/o

wrinkle

scier/o

hard

seb/o

sebum

trich/o

hair

xanth/o

yellow

Xer/o

dry

adipose

fat, fatty

atypical

unusual

circumscribed

container to a specific area

cyanosis

blue discoloration of the skin and other tissues

diaphoresis

profuse sweating

dysplasia

abnormal growth of tissue

erythematous

condition of being red

eschar

blackened area of burned tissue

exfoliation

shedding of dead skin cells

indurated

pertaining to an area of hardened tissue

integumentary

pertaining to the skin and accessory tissue

pailor

abnormally pale skin

prunitic

pertaining to itching

purulent

containing pus

sebaceous

pertaining to sebum

sudoriferous

pertaining to sweat

turgor

state of turgidity (fullness) of cells due to fluid absorption

abrasion

injury resulting in removal or disturbance of the superficial layer of the skin

abscess

a circumscribed collection of pus caused by a bacterial function

albinism

a group of inherited disorders with deficiency of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes

acne

inflammatory disease of sebaceous glands and hair follicles marked by papules (pimples) a pustules (pimples with pus)

burn

injury to skin caused by heat or other means

superficial burn

a burn involving only the epidermis; causes redness and swelling but no blisters 1st degree burn

partial thickness burn

a burn involving the epidermis and dermis usually involves blister, 2nd degree bum

full thickness burn

burn involving destruction of the entire skin; extends into subcutaneous fat, muscle and/or bone & often causes severe scarring, 3rd degree burn

Carbuncle

collection of large localized abscesses usually arising in hair follicles and typically infected w/ staphylococcus bacteria

cellulitis

inflammation of the subcutaneous connective tissue

cicatrix

the fibrous tissue replacing normal tissues destroyed by disease or injury: scar

Comedo

a plug of sebum in the hair follicle that becomes darkened; blackhead

contusion

injury producing discoloration and swelling without causing a break in the skin; bruise

cyst

a closed sac that contains liquid or semi solid material

decubitus ulcer

a pressure sore of the skin and underlying tissues, bedsore

dermatome

area of skin supplied by periphal nerves

eczema

inflammatory condition causing patchy redness, scales, blisters, itchiness, and burning

excoriation

a scratch mark on the skin fissure

furuncle

infection of a hair follicle; boil

gangrene

area of necrosis (tissue death) due to lack of blood flow

herpes simplex

an eruption of blisters on the skin caused by local infection of herpes virus; cold sore

herpes zoster

an infection caused by the herpesvirus

impetigo

a contagious bacterial skin infection typically occuring on the face in children

jaundice

abnormal yellowing of the skin caused by bile

Keloid

an overgrowth of scar tissue

lesion

a pathologic change in tissue from disease /injury

macula

a small, that discolored spot on the skin

nervus

a birthmark or mole on skin, raised and red.

nodule

solid raised area located in any layer of skin

papule

a small, raised, solid circumscribed area of skin

paronychia

inflammation and infection around the nail due to bacteria or fungal

pediculosis

an infestation of lice

psoriasis

skin condition marked by red, itchy, scaly patches primarily on the scalp, knees, elbow, and trunk

pustule

a small circumscribed elevation of skin with pus

rosacea

chronic skin disorder causing enythematous (red spots) papules, pustules, a increased sebum production on face

scabies

skin disease w/ eruptions itching caused by mites

tinea

fungal infection of hair, skin, nails : ring worm

tinea capitis

fungal infection of the scalp tinea pedis

urticaria

an eruption of itchy, round, red welts usually from allergies, hives

varicella

on acute contagious disease caused by the Varicella-zoster virus and skin eruptions, chicken pox

Verruca

contagious, painful wart from human papilloma virus (hpv)

vosicle

a clear, fluid filled, raised location, blister

vitiligo

areas of the skin without melanocytes, white patches

wheal

raised reddish lesion that changes size and shape and extends into adjacent areas, allergen

xanthoderma

Any yellow coloration of skin

biopsy

process of removing tissue from living patients for microscopic examination

culture + sensitivity(C+S)

growing of an organism from a specimen from the body to determine its susceptibility to medication

frozen section (FS)

a thin slice of tissue out from frozen specimen used for rapid microscopic diagnosis

scratch test

type of allergy test in which antigen is applied in scratches

tuberculosis test

an intradermal test to determine whether a patient has tuberculosis or has been exposed

cauterization

the use of heat, cold, electric current, or caustic chemicals to destroy tissue

cryosurgery

the use of freezing temp to destroy tissue

debridement

removal of necrotic skin or Foreign matter from wound