PSY 100 Final Chp 7-9

Encoding

The process of converting sensory information into a form that can be stored in memory through neural codes.

Storage

Involves maintaining encoded information over time in memory systems like sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

Retrieval

The process of accessing and bringing stored information back into conscious awareness from memory.

Stimulation

Environmental stimuli and experiences that promote neuronal growth, synapse formation, and neural circuits in the developing brain.

Nutrition

Adequate intake of essential nutrients crucial for optimal brain development, deficiencies can lead to cognitive impairments.

Stress

Environmental stressors like poverty and trauma that can disrupt normal brain maturation and impair cognitive function.

Parenting and Caregiving

Quality of caregiving and parent-child relationship significantly influence brain development in early childhood.

Toxic Exposures

Exposure to environmental toxins that can negatively impact brain development, especially during critical periods of vulnerability.

Analogic Representation

Representing information resembling the physical attributes of the original stimuli, preserving perceptual qualities.

Symbolic Representation

Representing information using abstract symbols or signs that stand for specific concepts, ideas, or objects, relying on learned associations.

Implicit Memory

Memory that is expressed through responses, actions, or reactions

Explicit Memory

Memory that is consciously retrieved

Declarative Memory

Type of long-term memory that stores facts and events. It is also known as explicit memory and can be consciously recalled.

episodic Memory

Flashcard: Long-term memory recalling specific personal events and experiences from the past.

Semantic memory

Flashcard: Type of long-term memory that stores general knowledge, facts, and concepts not tied to personal experiences. Involves language, meanings, and understanding of the world.

proedural memory

Flashcard: Procedural memory is a type of long-term memory that stores information on how to perform tasks or skills, like riding a bike or tying shoelaces.

Schema

Schema: A mental framework that helps organize and interpret information. It guides how we perceive, remember, and think about the world around us.

Intelligence

Flashcard: Intelligence is the ability to learn, understand, and apply knowledge effectively to solve problems, reason, and adapt to new situations.

Fluid intelligence

Flashcard: Fluid intelligence is the ability to think logically and solve problems in new situations, independent of acquired knowledge or past experiences.

Attachment

Attachment is a strong emotional bond formed between an infant and their primary caregiver, influencing future relationships and social development.

Theory of mind

Theory of mind is the ability to understand that others have beliefs, desires, and intentions that may differ from one's own.

Assimilation

Assimilation is the process of incorporating new information into existing schemas. It helps individuals understand and interpret new experiences based on their current knowledge.