Topographic Maps

Topographic Maps

map that shows the elevation of an area with contour lines

Contour Lines

- lines drawn on a map that connect points of equal elevation

Contour Interval

difference in elevation between adjacent contour lines

Benchmark

point on a topo map where the exact elevation is given - often market with BM or an X

Rules for contour lines:

Contour lines can never cross one another

Contour lines must make a closed figure or end at the edge of the map

Depression contour lines are marked with hachures on the inside of the contour.

They show features such as sinkholes and volcanic craters.

Contour lines that are close together represent a steep slope.

Contour lines that are far apart represent a gentle slope.

All maps require the following:

Title

Compass rose

Legend

Grid system

Scale

3 types of map scales

Graphic

Verbal

Fractional