Final Exam Study Material: Unit VII - Visceral Afferent & Parasympathetic Nervous System Concepts

Visceral afferent cell bodies are locatied in the _____ or relevant cranial nerve ganglion

posterior root ganglion

Visceral afferent neurons are ____

unipolar

Sympathetic afferents may travel through sympathetic trunk and to the spinal ganglia by passing through _____

WRC

Parasympathetic afferents travel in sacral spinal nerves and ____ and ____

CN IX ; CN X

_______ fibers are carried in the oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus cranial nerves, and sacral spinal nerves 2-4

preganglionic parasympathetic

Parasympathetics are cholinergic and release ___

ACh

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers extend to effector organs that function to:

-decrease cardiac output

-constrict the bronchial tree

-constrict the pupils

-stimulate peristalsis

CN III, VII and IX supply structures in the ____

head

____ will supply cardiac, respiratory and digestive structures in the neck, thorax and abdomen

CN X

S2-S4 supply the distal parts of the ____ and ____

digestive system ; urogenital system

S2-S4 carry ____ nerves

pelvic splanchnic

The oculomotor nerve follows a path into the orbit and synapses in the _____

ciliary ganglion

Postganglionic axons carried in short ciliary nerves of the oculomor nerve enter the eyeball and supply what 2 muscles?

ciliaris and sphincter pupillae

(TQ) Contractions of the ciliaris muscle make the lens more ____ to focus on closer objects

convex

(TQ) Contractions of the sphincter pupillae ____ the size of the pupil

decrease

Preganglionic cell bodies of the facial nerve are located in the:

superior salivary nucleus

Preganglionic parasympathetics exit the CNS in the intermediate nerve and are carried in what 2 branches of the facial nerve?

greater petrosal nerve and chorda tympani

The _____ nerve only carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers

greater petrosal

True or False? NO synapses take place in the geniculate ganglion

true

The greater petrosal nerve ultimately synapses in the _____ ganglion

pterygopalatine

Postganglionic fibers of the greater petrosal nerve are distributed to the ____ and other nerves to reach the lacrimal, nasal, palatine and pharyngeal glands

lacrimal

The chorda tympani carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers and ____ fibers

taste

(TQ) After the chorda tympani leaves the temporal bone through the pterygotympanic fissure, it combines with the lingual nerve, a branch of the ____ of the trigeminal nerve

mandibular division

Postganglionic fibers from the chorda tympani travel to ____ and ____ glands

submandibular ; sublingual

(TQ) The tympanic nerve carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the _____

inferior salivary nucleus

(TQ) Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers pass through the tympanic plexus and reform as the ______

lesser petrosal nerve

(TQ) Fibers of the lesser petrosal nerve synapse in the ____

otic ganglion

(TQ) Other visceral afferents are carried in the carotid branch of the _____ from baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and chemoreceptors in the carotid body

glossopharyngeal nerve

Postganglionic cells of the vagus nerve are located in what structures?

myocardium, submucosal plexus, myenteric plexus

(TQ) Paraysmpathetic impulses of the vagus nerve will inhibit the myocardium and ____ the coronary arteries

constrict

(TQ) Parasympathetic impulses of the vagus nerve result in contriction of bronchial tree and ____ secretions of bronchial glands

increase

Submucosal plexus is also called ____

meissner's

Myenteric plexus is also called ____

auerbach's

Parasympathetic stimulation of the vagus in the stomach results in contraction of smooth muscle and secretion of ____

gastric juices

(TQ) Muscular layer of the upper 1/3 of the esophagus is composed of ____

skeletal muscle

True or False? There are no parasympathetics or autonomic fibers located in the upper 1/3 of the esophagus

true

(TQ) Pathways of the vagus to the abdominal structures shows the importance of ____ of vermiform appendix

nociceptors

Motor supply from the vagus to the kidney is strictly ____

sympathetic

Cell bodies of sympathetic fibers from the vagus that supply the kidneys are located in the _____

inferior (nodose) ganglion

Like the kidneys, parasympathetic supply to the liver is primarily ____

afferent

S2-S4 sacral sympathetics are carried inferiorly in the _____

cauda equina

(TQ) Pelvic splanchnic nerves of S2-S4 travel to the _____

inferior hypogastric (pelvic) plexus

(TQ) Preganglionic fibers of S2-S4 nerves travel through the inferior hypogastric plexus to reach the superior hypogastric and ______ by way of the hypogastric nerve

inferior mesenteric plexuses