GLST 101: Introduction to Global Studies - Exam 1 Study Guide

50 vocabulary flashcards generated from the GLST 101 lecture notes for exam preparation.

GLST 101

An introductory course focusing on the context, connection, and change within global studies.

Interdisciplinarity

The approach of studying a subject, like global affairs, through the combined perspectives of multiple academic disciplines.

Globalization

The process of increasing interconnectedness and integration among people, organizations, and governments worldwide, encompassing economic, social, and cultural aspects.

Metageography

The different ways in which the world is categorized, organized, and represented spatially and conceptually.

European Imperial Expansion

The historical period when European powers extended their political, economic, and cultural influence across the globe.

Mercantilism

An economic policy designed to maximize the exports and minimize the imports for an economy, often through accumulating monetary reserves.

Imperialism

A state policy, practice, or advocacy of extending power and dominion, especially by direct territorial acquisition or by gaining political and economic control of other areas.

Colonialism

The acquisition and maintenance of an overseas territory for the benefit of the colonizing power, often involving settlement and exploitation.

European Empires

Large political entities formed by European states through the acquisition and control of vast territories and populations beyond their borders.

Scramble for Africa

The rapid conquest and division of most of Africa by European powers between the 1880s and the First World War.

Africa's Landforms and Physical Environment

Refers to the diverse geological and geographical features, climates, and ecosystems across the African continent.

Languages in Africa

The wide variety of indigenous and introduced linguistic groups spoken across the African continent.

Religion in Africa

The diverse spiritual and belief systems practiced in Africa, including traditional African religions, Christianity, and Islam.

Economies in Africa

The varied economic systems, practices, and development stages of nations across the African continent.

World Wars (Impact)

The profound and widespread effects of the 20th century global conflicts on political structures, economies, and societies worldwide.

Treaty of Versailles

The peace treaty signed on June 28, 1919, officially ending World War I between the Allied powers and Germany.

Fascism

A far-right, authoritarian ultra-nationalist political ideology, characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition, and strong regimentation of society and economy.

The Industrial Revolution

A period of unprecedented technological innovation and economic growth, primarily in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, marked by the shift from agrarian to industrial societies.

Industrial Revolution (Characteristics)

Key features included mechanization, use of new energy sources (e.g., steam), factory systems, and the growth of urban areas.

Industrial Revolution (Impacts on Work and Labor)

Transformed traditional agriculture and handcrafts into factory production, leading to new forms of employment, labor divisions, and social structures.

Bretton Woods Conference

A 1944 conference that established the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, laying the groundwork for the post-WWII international financial system.

IMF (International Monetary Fund)

An international organization formed to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world.

World Bank

An international financial institution that provides financial and technical assistance to developing countries around the world.

GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)

A multilateral agreement regulating international trade, aiming to reduce tariffs and other trade barriers among signatory nations.

WTO (World Trade Organization)

An intergovernmental organization that regulates and facilitates international trade, succeeding the GATT in 1995.

Tariffs

Taxes imposed on imported goods and services, used to protect domestic industries or generate revenue.

Development (concept)

A multifaceted process concerning the economic, social, and political advancement and well-being of societies and nations.

Modernization Theories

Development theories suggesting that societies progress through stages from traditional to advanced, industrial economies, often through adopting Western political and economic models.

Dependency Theories

Development theories arguing that the economic underdevelopment of certain nations is a direct consequence of the historical and ongoing exploitation by wealthier, 'core' nations.

World Systems Theory

A theory that views the world as a single, interconnected capitalist system divided into core, semi-periphery, and periphery regions, with economic power concentrated in the core.

New Ideas and Approaches to Development

Contemporary strategies that emphasize sustainable development, human rights, gender equality, and participatory approaches, moving beyond purely economic growth models.

Development (Measured with Money)

The traditional method of assessing development primarily through economic indicators such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) or Gross National Income (GNI) per capita.

Alternative Ways to Measure Development

Approaches that extend beyond economic metrics to include social indicators (e.g., life expectancy, education), environmental sustainability, and human well-being.

Tea Power

A chapter in Tom Standage’s A History of the World in Six Glasses, which explores the historical and economic significance of tea, particularly in relation to the British Empire.

British East India Company

A powerful English trading company granted a royal charter, instrumental in British expansion in India and the illegal opium trade with China.

Illegal Opium Trade in China

The illicit commerce of opium forced upon China by the British East India Company in the 18th and 19th centuries, leading to significant social and political upheaval and the Opium Wars.

Multidimensional Poverty

A concept recognizing poverty as encompassing multiple deprivations experienced by individuals in their daily lives, beyond just a lack of income.

UN's Multidimensional Poverty Dimension (Health)

One of the dimensions of poverty, encompassing indicators related to nutrition and child mortality.

UN's Multidimensional Poverty Dimension (Education)

One of the dimensions of poverty, including indicators like years of schooling and school attendance.

UN's Multidimensional Poverty Dimension (Living Standards)

One of the dimensions of poverty, covering access to essential services and assets such as cooking fuel, sanitation, drinking water, electricity, housing, and productive assets.

Poverty as "Lack of Income"

The narrow definition of poverty based solely on an individual or household's monetary earnings falling below a set threshold.

Understanding Poverty Multidimensionally

The importance of acknowledging and addressing the complex and interrelated non-monetary factors that contribute to poverty, alongside income deprivation.

Exam Format (Multiple Choice)

A question type where the test-taker selects the correct answer from a list of predefined options.

Exam Format (True/False)

A question type that requires the test-taker to determine whether a given statement is accurate or inaccurate.

Exam Format (Short Answer)

A question type that requires a brief, written response, typically 5-10 complete sentences, demonstrating understanding of a concept.

Lecture Material

Information, concepts, and discussions presented by an instructor during classroom sessions.

Required Readings

Textual materials, such as book chapters or articles, that students are expected to study in preparation for a course.

PowerPoint Note Guides

Supplementary handouts or digital files summarizing key points or offering structure related to a lecture's content.

Blue Book/Scantron

Specialized booklets or machine-readable answer sheets formerly or typically used for writing essays or marking multiple-choice answers in exams, respectively.

Bonus Question

An optional question on an exam that provides an opportunity for extra credit points, usually without a penalty for incorrect guesses.