apcsp

Expression

A combination of values, variables, and operators that is evaluated to produce a result

Variable

A named storage location in a program that holds data which can change

Assignment operator

A symbol (=) used to assign a value to a variable

Boolean Value

A data type that can only be true or false

Boolean Expression

An expression that evaluates to either true or false

Debugging

The process of finding, analyzing, and fixing errors in a program

Syntax Error

An error caused by breaking the rules of a programming language, preventing the program from running

Logic Error

An error where the program runs but produces incorrect results

Function

A reusable block of code designed to perform a specific task

Function Call

A command that runs a function and executes its code

Global Variable

A variable declared outside of functions and accessible throughout the entire program

Local Variable

A variable declared inside a function and only usable within that function

User Interface

The part of a program that allows users to interact with it

Input

Data or information entered into a computer or program

Output

Data or information produced and displayed by a computer or program

Prototype

An early version of a program used for testing ideas and design

Sequential Program

A program that runs instructions one after another in a fixed order

Event-Driven Program

A program that runs code in response to user actions or events

Debugging

The process of correcting errors found in a program

Feedback

Information provided to the user about the results of their actions

Internet

A worldwide system of interconnected networks that share information

Computing Device

An electronic device that processes data and runs programs

Computing System

A combination of hardware and software that works together to process data

Computing Network

A group of connected devices that can communicate and share resources

Path

The route that data takes as it travels across a network

Bandwidth

The maximum amount of data that can be transmitted over a network in a given time

Protocol

A set of rules that control how data is sent and received

IP address

A unique number that identifies a device on a network

Internet Protocol

The set of rules used to route data between devices on the internet

Datastream

A continuous flow of data being transmitted

Packet

A small unit of data sent over a network

Packet Metadata

Information attached to a packet that helps it reach its destination

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

A protocol that ensures data is sent accurately and in order

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

A protocol that sends data quickly without guaranteeing delivery

Prototype

A preliminary model used to test and refine ideas

Binary

A number system that uses only the digits 0 and 1

Decimal number system

A number system that uses the digits 0 through 9

Overflow error

An error that occurs when a value is too large to be stored

Round-off error

A small inaccuracy caused by rounding numbers

ASCII

A standard system that represents text characters using numbers

Abstraction

A technique that hides complex details to focus on important ideas

Analog data

Data represented by continuous values

Digital data

Data represented using discrete numerical values

Sampling

The process of measuring analog data at regular intervals

Compression

The process of reducing the size of data

Lossless Compression

Compression that reduces size without losing any data

Lossy Compression

Compression that reduces size by removing some data

Intellectual property

Creations of the mind that are legally protected

Creative Commons

A system of licenses that allow creators to share work with conditions

Copyright

A legal right that protects original creative work