Chapter 31 Coagulation Disorders

thrombocytopenia

the most common coagulation disorder, a deficiency of platelets

Clotting factors 

hemostasis is a complex process involving a large number of ________that are activated in a series of sequential steps

thromboembolic

This term is used to describe conditions in which the body forms undesirable clots.

plasminogen

An inactive protein present in a fibrin clot

plasmin

the active enzyme form of plasminogen that digests the fibrin strands to remove the clot

fibrin

These strands provide a framework for a clot. The ___strands form an insoluble web over the injured area to stop blood loss.

Low molecular weight heparins

Heparin was the preferred drug or many decades but several
effective alternatives are now available. The heparin molecule
has been shortened and modified to create a class of drugs called ___ ____ ____ ____

hemostasis

the stopping of blood flow

embolus

a traveling clot

tissue plasminogen activator

An enzyme that converts the inactive protein plasminogen to its active enzymatic form, plasmin

Deep vein thrombosis

thrombi in the venous system usually form in the veins of the
legs due to sluggish blood flow, a condition called ___ ___ ___

antithrombin111

a protein in plasma that inactivates thrombin (and several
other procoagulant enzymes) and inhibits coagulation

thrombin

An enzyme that converts fibrinogen to long strands of fibrin

prothrombin activator

at the end of the clotting cascade a chemical called ____ ____, or prothrombinase is formed. It converts the clotting factor prothrombin to an enzyme called thrombin

intermittent claudication

pain or cramping in the lower legs that worsen with walking or
exercise. It is the primary symptom of peripheral vascular disease, in which progressive atherosclerosis of vessels causes a lack of sufficient oxygen to major muscles of the
legs

fibrinolysis

the process of clot removal

thrombolytics

medications used to dissolve life threatening clots

coagulation

formation of an insoluble clot

fibrinogen

a plasma protein

hemostatics

drugs that promote the formation of clots 

glycoprotein11b/11a

a receptor on the surface of platelets that are necessary for
platelet aggregation

thrombus

a stationary clot

prothrombin

a clotting factor

hemophilias

bleeding disorders caused by genetic deficiencies in specific
clotting factors.

Cascade 

When collagen is exposed at the site of injury, the damaged cells initiate a series of complex reactions called the coagulation _____

Anticoagulants

drugs used to prolong bleeding time and thereby prevent thrombi from forming or enlarging