EBP & Informatics - Exam 1

What is evidence-based practice?

A systematic approach to decision-making in healthcare that integrates the best available research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient values to improve outcomes and provide high-quality care

What is the significance in using EBP in healthcare?

• Better patient outcomes

• Contributes to nursing science

• Keeps practice current and relevant

• Increases confidence in decision-making

What are the 7 steps to evidence-based practice?

0. Cultivate a spirit of inquiry - ASK WHY

1. Use PICOT questions

2. Search for the best most relevant evidence

3. Appraise the evidence (credability)

4. Integrate best evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences

5. Evaluate outcomes

6. Disseminate results and share findings

Components of a PICOT question

P - Population

I - Intervention

C - Comparison

O - Outcome

T - Time

What are background questions used for in EBP?

Used to gain general knowledge about a clinical issue, including its diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis

• Often start with what, when, where, how, why

• Ex: What causes osteoarthritis of the hip?

What are foreground questions used for in EBP?

Used to gain specific knowledge to inform clinical decisions

• Ex: In patients with osteoarthritis of the hip, is water therapy more effective than land-based therapy at restoring range of motion?

What is a primary source?

Firsthand account that provides direct evidence about a subject or event, such as research articles, interviews, and clinical trial results

What is a secondary source?

A source that interprets or analyzes primary sources, such as reviews, textbooks, and articles summarizing research findings.

What is informatics?

The science of how to use data, information and knowledge to improve human health and the delivery of heath care services

Examples of information and communication technology (ICT) tools:

• Automated IV infusion pumps

• Centralized command centers

• EHRs

• Portable monitors/wearable devices

• Telehealth and apps

• Data analysis platforms - data mining

• Comprehensive health and social needs assessment

What is the significance of informatics in healthcare

• Improves patient care and outcomes

• Enhanced patient safety

• Streamlined workflow

• Research and quality improvements

• Telehealth

• Data-driven decision making

What is telehealth?

The use of digital information and communication technologies to access health care services remotely and manage health care

Types of Telehealth services

Live video conferencing, store-and-forward, remote monitoring, mobile health applications

Advantages of Telehealth services

• Cost-effective alternative

• Convenient access to doctors

• Access to quality services anywhere, anytime

• Avoid overcrowded hospitals

• Avoid long wait times and travel

• Quickly address any health issues

What are some barriers of telehealth?

• Limited access in rural communities or lack of reliable high-speed internet

• Regulatory and legal issues

• Security and privacy

• Lack of digital literacy

• Resistance from patients and providers

What legal or ethical considerations apply to health technology?

• HIPAA

• Beneficence vs privacy

• Informed consent

• “I am not a robot”