Health Science Theory Semester Exam

Osteoporosis

A condition in which bones become porous and brittle because of lack or loss of calcium, phosphorus, and other minerals.

Carbohydrates (Carbs)

Groups of chemical substances including sugars, cellulose, and starches; nutrients that provide the greatest amount of energy in the average diet.

Liver

The largest gland in the body; located in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen; two of its main functions are excreting bile and storing glycogen.

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

The graphic tracing of the electrical activity of the heart.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Process that uses a computer and magnetic forces, instead of x-rays, to visualize internal organs.

Sonogram

An image produced by an ultrasound scan or a medical imaging test that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize internal structures.

Medline

A major source database used to help health care providers analyze statistics and obtain information that was established by the National Library of Medicine (NLM).

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

A division of the Department of Labor that establishes and enforces safety standards for the workplace.

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Technical documents that provide detailed information on how to safely handle and dispose of drugs and chemicals.

Stethoscope

Instrument used for listening to internal body sounds.

The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

Association that aimed to eliminate the risk of a fire and the losses due to it. It sets the standards relating to fire and maintaining safety.

Standard Precautions

Recommendations that must be followed to prevent transmission of pathogenic organisms by way of blood and body fluids.

Sterile Technique

Techniques used to protect the patient from further infection Keeping the environment free from living organisms.

Airborne Precautions

Methods of infection control that must be used for patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei.

Bradypnea

Slow respiratory rate, usually below 10 respirations per minute.

Pyrexia

Medical term for fever.

Why is a culture obtained?

A culture specimen is obtained when the physician wants to identify the causative agent of a disease.

What is the best way to stop the spread of infection?

The best way to stop the spread of infection is by washing one’s hands, following standard precautions, making sure to sterilize equipmrnt, mantain sterilized fields in procedures, etc.

How deep can you do a dermal puncture and which drop do you use?

A dermal or skin puncture is 2-4 millimeters deep to reach the capillary beds under the skin. The drops after the first is wiped away are used for tests.

How do you weigh a patient?

1. Introduce yourself and identify the patient.

2. Explain the procedures.

3. Ask them to take off their shoes, heavy objects, excessive clothing.

4. Assist them on the scale.

5. Ask them to stand as straight as possible.

6. Move the bar until it touches the top of the patient’s head.

7. Proceed to record the measurement shown.

What are the risks for obesity?

The presence of obesity could increase risk for type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, etc.

Which fluids transmit HBV, HCV, and HIV?

Blood and body fluids such as semen, saliva, vaginal fluids, etc.

How much water should we drink per day?

15.5 cups for men and 11.5 cups for women.