Methodology & Didactics EFL I

Brain-Based Learning

An educational approach that applies neuroscience principles to enhance teaching and learning by understanding how the brain works and learns.

Neuroplasticity

The brain's ability to change and adapt over time, which is crucial for learning.

Affective filter

A psychological barrier that influences learning, where positive emotions lower the filter and negative emotions raise it.

Kinesthetic activities

Engaging physical activities in the classroom that require students to take an active role in their education.

Critical Period Hypothesis

A biologically determined time frame during which language acquisition is most easily achieved.

Lateralization

The specialization of the two hemispheres of the brain, with different hemispheres controlling different functions and behaviors.

Bilingualism

The ability to use two languages fluently; individuals learning two languages simultaneously typically do not mix them.

Code-switching

The practice of alternating between two or more languages or varieties of language in a conversation.

Metacognition

Awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes, enabling better learning strategies.

Cognitive Strategies

Mental processes used to learn and remember information, such as repetition and summarizing.

Field Independent Learners

Individuals who prefer to focus on specific elements and excel in analytical tasks, often preferring individual learning.

Field Dependent Learners

Individuals who perceive information holistically and prefer group work and social learning environments.

Multiple Intelligences

Howard Gardner's theory proposing that there are various forms of intelligence, each representing different ways of processing information.

Deductive reasoning

A logical process where conclusions are drawn from general premises applied to specific instances.

Inductive reasoning

A reasoning process that involves drawing general conclusions from specific observations.

Visual Learning

Learning style where individuals prefer to use images, diagrams, and other visual aids to understand concepts.

Auditory Learning

Learning style where individuals retain information better through listening, such as lectures and discussions.

Read/Write Learning

Learning style that emphasizes the reading and writing of text as the primary method for acquiring information.

Social Learning Theory

The theory positing that people learn from observing others and imitating their behaviors.

Constructivism

An educational philosophy that suggests that learners construct their own understanding and knowledge of the world.

Experiential Learning

A process through which learners gain knowledge by reflecting on their experiences.

Transfer of Learning

The application of knowledge or skills learned in one context to a different context.

Scaffolding

Support provided by teachers or peers that helps students accomplish tasks they cannot do independently.

Feedback Loops

Processes in which students receive information about their performance to improve future learning outcomes.

Intrinsic Motivation

Engagement in an activity driven by internal rewards, such as personal satisfaction or interest.