parasitology- order oxyurida and order spirurida

Oxyuridae

what is the only family belonging to order oxyurida?

oxyuriform

parasites in the family Oxyuridae have a ________ esophagus

it has 3 large and 3 small lips

what is characteristic about the mouth of parasites in the family Oxyuridae?

females are larger, with a long, pointed tail

males have 1 spine-shaped spicule and precloacal papillae

what is the morphological difference between female and male parasites in the family Oxyuridae?

a female parasite belonging to the family Oxyuridae- with uterine branches and eggs

what do these pictures show?

asymmetrical, slightly flat on one side

operculated

describe the eggs of parasites in the family Oxyuridae

large intestine

where are parasites in the family Oxyuridae located in the host?

Oxyuris equi

Skjabinema ovis

Enterobius vermicularis

Passalurus ambiguus

what are the 4 species of parasites in the family Oxyuridae?

horses

what is the host of Oxyuris equi?

sheep and goats

what is the host of Skrjabinema ovis?

Enterobius vermicularis

which parasite in the family Oxyuridae infects humans?

lagomorphs

what is the host of Passalurus ambiguus?

direct life cycle

1. adults in the caecum & colon

2. females migrate to the anus and lay eggs in the perianal skin

3. infectious L3 develops in the egg (usually in the ground, but sometimes while still in anus)

4. new host ingests eggs on the ground OR same host reinfects itself when licking their anus or egg hatches in intestine

describe the life cycle of parasites in the family Oxyuridae.

Oxyuris equi

this represents the life of what parasite?

Enterobius vermicularis

this represents the life of what parasite?

Oxyuris equi

oxyuriosis

what parasite has infected this horse? what is the name of the disease?

Passalurus ambiguus

oxyuriosis

what parasite is this rabbit infected with? what is the name of the disease?

Enterobius vermicularis

oxyuriosis

what parasite is this human infected with? what is the name of the disease?

Spiruroidea

Filaroidea

there are 2 superfamilies that we study in the order Spirurida. what are they?

2 lateral lips, can be divided

male with a coiled tail and 2 asymmetrical spicules

feamles with vulva at the center or end of the body

eggs are thick shelled, embryonated

what is the general morphology of the superfamily Spiruroidea? (including Habronema, Draschia, Thelazia, Spirocerca, Gongylonema)

thick shelled, embryonated

describe the eggs of the superfamily Spiruroidea. (including Habronema, Draschia, Thelazia, Spirocerca, Gongylonema)

Spiruroidea

this is the tail and the egg of a parasite belonging to what superfamily in spirurida?

adults lay the eggs in the stomach, which hatch in the stomach or intestine. IH (fly larva) eat the L1 from the soil. When IH pupates, it has L3 of the parasite in its proboscis. When IH is an adult, it lays L3 in the lips of horses (or the horse ingests the fly). L3 then matures in the stomach of the horse

what is the life cycle of the parasites in family Spiruridae? (Habronema, Draschia)

horses

what species serves as the DH for family Spiruridae? (Habronema, Draschia)

horses

what is the DH of Habronema muscae?

horses

what is the DH of Draschia megastroma?

indirect

IH: fly

DH: horse

does family Spiruridae (Habronema, Draschia) have an indirect or direct life cycle?

a fly

the IH of family Spiruridae (Habronema, Draschia) is....

Habronema- is in the stomach mucosa of horses

Draschia- is in the stomach submucosa, and forms nodules. its eggs are transparent

they both have elongated, thin shelled eggs

what is the difference between Habronema muscae and Draschia megastroma?

parasites of the family Spiruridae:

Habronema muscae

Draschia megastoma

this represents the life cycle of what parasite?

cutaneous habrenomatosis

Habrenoma muscae

what disease do these horses have? what parasite is the cause?

gastric habrenomatosis

Habrenoma muscae

what parasite has infected this horse? what is the disease name?

Thelazia, Spirocerca, Gongylonema

what 3 genera belong to the family Thelaziidae?

in the conjunctival sac and lacrimal duct of horses, ruminants, and carnivores

where are parasites from the family Thelazia located?

cattle

what is the DH of Thelazia skrjabini?

carnivores and humans

what is the DH of Thelazia callipaeda?

indirect

do parasites in the family Thelazia have a direct or indirect life cycle?

flies

what is the IH of Thelazia?

indirect

1. viviparous females release L1

2. L1 is ingested by flies (IH)

3. L1 develops to L3 in the fly

4. Fly lays L3 in the DH's eye

describe the life cycle of Thelazia

Thelazia

(T. skrjabini in the cow, T. callipaeda in the fox)

thelaziosis

what parasite has infected these animals? what is this disease called?

thelaziosis

Thelazia callipaeda

what disease does this dog have? what parasite has infected it?

Thelazia callipaeda

this is the life cycle of what parasite?

in the esophagus, stomach, aorta

where in the DH are Spirocerca lupi located?

canids and felids

what is the DH of Spirocerca lupi?

larvated when laid

large, elongated, and thick shelled

describe the eggs of Spirocerca lupi

1. eggs hatch in the IH. (coprophagous beetles), and L3 develops here

there can be a paratenic host- amphibian, reptile, bird

2. DH eats IH or paratenic host

3. L3 penetrates the stomach and travels through the blood to the aorta, and eventually to the esophagus

describe the life cycle of Spirocerca lupi

esophagic nodules

what lesions do Spirocerca lupi cause?

Spirocerca lupi

spirocercosis

what parasite has infected this esophagus? what is this disease?

Spirocerca lupi

what parasite makes these characteristic nodules in the esophagus of cats and dogs?

esophagus, stomach, and gizzard (birds)

where in the DH is Gongylonema located?

ruminants and carnivores are the main DH, but can also infect birds and other animals

what is the DH of Gongylonema?

indirect, with beetles and cockroaches as their IH

does Gongylonema have an indirect or direct life cycle?

beetles and cockroaches

what is the IH of Gongylonema?

Gongylonema

what parasite is in this animal's mouth?

Gongylonema

gongylonemosis

what is this parasite in this esophagus? this animal had what disease?

Gongylonema

gongylonemosis

what is this parasite in this esophagus? this animal had what disease?

Gongylonema

which parasite has these anterior cuticular plates?

coprophagous beetles;

felids, canids (esophagus, stomach, aorta)

the IH of Spirocerca lupi is ________ and the DH is _______

flies; cattle (eyes)

Thelazia skrjabini:

IH- _____

DH-_____

flies; carnivores (eyes)

Thelazia callipaeda:

IH- _____

DH-_____

flies; horses (stomach)

Habronema muscae:

IH- _____

DH-_____

flies; horses (stomach)

Draschia megastoma:

IH- _____

DH-_____

NO IH

horses (caecum& colon)

Oxyuris equi:

IH- _____

DH-_____

NO IH

sheep and goats (caecum& colon)

Skrjabinema ovis

IH- _____

DH-_____

NO IH

humans (caecum& colon)

Enterobius vermicularis:

IH- _____

DH-_____

NO IH

lagomorphs (caecum& colon)

Passalurus ambiguus:

IH- _____

DH-_____

filiform

parasites in the superfamily filaroidea have a ______ esophagus

parasites belonging to the superfamily filaroidea:

Dirofilaria

Acanthocheilonema

Setaria

Onchocerca

what parasites have viviparous females that release a microfilaria?

indirect

does Dirofilaria have a direct or indirect life cycle?

indirect

does Acanthocheilonema have a direct or indirect life cycle?

indirect

does Setaria have a direct or indirect life cycle?

indirect

does Onchocerca have a direct or indirect life cycle?

filiform esophagus

viviparous females that lay microfilariae

indirect life cycle

what do all parasites in the family Filaroidea have in common? (Dirofilaria, Acanthocheilonema, Setaria, Onchocerca)

the stage released by female parasites of the family Filaroidea (Dirofilaria, Acanthocheilonema, Setaria, Onchocerca).

It is the stage before L1.

They are found in the bloodstream

They live for 2 years

what are microfilariae?

bloodstream

where are microfilariae found in the body of the host?

microfilariae

Dirofilaria, Acanthocheilonema, Setaria, Onchocerca

what is this? to what parasite can it belong to?

Dirofilaria

what genus is included in the family Filariidae?

Dirofilaria immitis

Dirofilaria repens

what are the 2 species included in Dirofilaria?

the females release microfilariae into the bloodstream, where they are picked up by their IH: culicine mosquitoes and develop into L3. The mosquito brings L3 to the new DH, where they live in subcutaneous tissue and develop into their adult form-

for D. immitis, they will go via veins to the heart, and for D. repens, they will stay in the subcutaneous tissue

Dirofilaria have this life cycle:

IH: culicine mosquitoes

DH: dogs

what is the IH and DH of Dirofilaria?

D. immitis: right ventricle and pulmonary artery

D. repens: subcutaneous tissue

where are Dirofilaria located in their DH's body?

Dirofilaria immitis

dirofilariosis

these dogs are infected by the parasite _________. what disease is this called?

Dirofilaria immitis

dirofilariosis

this dog has what parasite living in its heart? what is this disease called?

Dirofilaria repens

dirofilariosis

what parasite is this in the subcutaneous tissue of a dog? what disease is this?

Dirofilaria immitis

this represents the life cycle of the parasite.....

dogs

what is the DH of Acanthocheilonema?

A. dracunculoides- peritoneum

A. reconditum- coelom, CT, perirenal fat

A. grassi- subcutaneous and intramuscular tissue

where in the DH is Acanthocheilonema located?

ixodid ticks and flies;

dogs (peritoneum)

Acanthocheilonema drancunculoides:

IH: _______

DH: _______

fleas and ixodid ticks;

dogs (coelom, CT, perirenal fat)

Acanthocheilonema reconditum:

IH: _______

DH: _______

rhipicephalus sanguineus (ixodid tick);

dogs (intramuscular and subcutaneous tissue of dogs)

Acanthocheilonema grassi:

IH: _______

DH: _______

Acanthocheilonema drancunculoides

what are these parasites in the peritoneum of this dog?

peritoneum

S. labiato-papillosa- cattle

S. equina- horses

where in the animal are Setaria located? what species does it infect as its DH?

Setaria equina

what is this parasite in the peritoneum of a horse?

Setaria equina

what species of Setaria infects horses?

Setaria labiato-papillosa

what species of Setaria infects cattle?

Setaria equina

if we find a parasite in the peritoneum of a horse, we can guess that it is what species?

Setaria labiatopapillosa

if we find a parasite in the peritoneum of a cow, we can guess that it is what species?

Acanthocheilonema drancunculoides

if we find a parasite in the peritoneum of a dog, we can guess that it is what species?

Dirofilaria immitis

if we find a large, white parasite in the heart of a dog, we can guess that it is what species?

CT, lymphatic vessels, synovia of ears, neck, abdomen, and limbs

Onchocerca's microfilaria is located where in the DH?