EXAM Ch 9 Cengage: Conducting Constitutional Searches

Which Supreme Court case reintroduced the concept of physical trespass in determining whether a search has occurred?

United States v. Jones

Which Amendment covers constitutional searches?

the Fourth Amendment

Which two factors should be considered when deciding whether a search has occurred?

expectation of privacy and physical trespass

Which of the following statements applies to warrants?

Warrants have certain limits.

Searches with a warrant are limited to which items?

items named in the warrant

Searches with a warrant are confined to which areas?

the area named in the warrant

Under the right circumstances, which piece of property can be an exception to the warrant requirement?

vehicles

Where is a search warrant not required?

open fields

Which of the following requires a warrant?

a search of a private business

An officer sees a bag of cocaine in plain view during a routine traffic stop. Which of the following statements is true?

This is an exception to the warrant requirement.

Which Supreme Court case established the precedent for circumstances in which a vehicle can legally be searched without a warrant?

Carroll v. United States

In which circumstances can a vehicle be legally searched without a warrant?

The officer has probable cause to believe the vehicle's contents violate the law.

If an officer believes that a car should be searched, but that the car will be gone before she can obtain a search warrant, what is her best course of action?

search the vehicle without a warrant

Which of the following is not an exigent circumstance?

shouting at an officer

In the context of the Fourth Amendment, what is an example of an individual requiring rescuing?

a person who has passed out

An officer pulls over a driver who is obviously intoxicated. Which of the following applies to this situation?

This constitutes an exigent circumstance.

Under which of the following circumstances does the Fourth Amendment apply?

There is a reasonable expectation of privacy.

An officer observes a driver throw a bag out his window onto the road. If the officer inspects the bag for illegal substances, which of the following statements is true?

This a constitutional search.

What is the trespass doctrine?

If an officer trespasses on private property, Fourth Amendment protections apply.

What rights do jail and prison inmates have?

limited Fourth Amendment rights

Which of the following groups of people have limited Fourth Amendment protection?

parolees

Why does the Fourth Amendment apply differently to non-law-abiding citizens?

They are under government supervision

Which category does electronic surveillance fall under?

a form of search and seizure

Which type of technology is allowed under the Fourth Amendment?

technology that enhances an officer's senses but does not interfere with the reasonable expectation of privacy

Which of the following is allowed under the Fourth Amendment?

photography from an aircraft