intermolecular forces

Intermolecular forces are…

forces between different molecules

Induced dipole-dipole (london) forces are the…

weakest

A dipole is a…

separation of charge across a bond or molecule

A simpler way to describe a dipole is something with a..

positive and negative end

Instantaneous dipole is when…

more electrons one side of a molecule than the other

An Instantaneous dipole induces a…

weak dipole in nearby molecules, creating weak forces

Boiling point increases as the…

size of molecule increases

Bigger atom means more… and stronger…

more electrons, stronger IDD forces

Bond polarity:
Electronegativity is…

the ability of an atom to attract the pair of electrons in a covalent bond to itself

If it's shared evenly, it's…

non polar

If it's shared unevenly it's…

polar

Electronegativity increases as you go…

across periods, up groups

What will a bigger difference in electronegativity between 2 atoms cause?

a greater dipole

IDD forces have random… leading to uneven… inducing a…

random movement, uneven distribution, inducing a dipole

Permanent dipole dipole forces:
Polar molecules are held by…

permanent dipole dipole interactions

Molecules are polar if they…

contain polar bonds, aren't symmetrical, dipoles don't cancel out

Molecules are non polar if they're…

symmetrical and cancel out

Trick - look for

lone pairs, corners with different elements