voc 9.1

Reactor pit || A cavity or compartment in the reactor building that houses the reactor vessel and provides shielding and access for maintenance

Шахта реактора, реакторная шахта

Heavy nuclear components || Large, high-mass components of a nuclear island, such as the reactor vessel, steam generators, and pressurizer

Тяжелое ядерное оборудование, крупногабаритное оборудование

Irreplaceable equipment || Equipment that cannot be easily replaced or substituted without extended outage, often unique and long-lead items

Невосстанавливаемое (незаменяемое) оборудование

Reactor fleet || The collection of nuclear reactors operated by a utility, vendor, or within a specific design class

Парк реакторов

Primary piping /pipeline || The pipes that carry the primary coolant (radioactive) between the reactor vessel, pumps, and steam generators

Главный трубопровод первого контура

Steamline || The pipe that carries steam from the steam generator or reactor (in BWR) to the turbine

Паровой трубопровод, паропровод

Vessel flange || The forged steel ring connecting the reactor vessel head to the vessel body, providing a bolted, sealable joint

Фланец корпуса реактора

Vessel head || The removable top closure of the reactor pressure vessel, which houses the control rod drive mechanisms (in PWR) or provides access for fuel handling (in BWR)

Верхняя крышка корпуса реактора

Upper nozzle shell-ring || The forged ring section of the reactor vessel containing the inlet/outlet nozzles at the upper part

Верхняя обечайка с патрубками, верхняя часть корпуса

Lower nozzle shell-ring || The forged ring section of the reactor vessel containing nozzles at the lower part, often for coolant injection or instrumentation

Нижняя обечайка с патрубками

Inlet nozzle || The nozzle through which coolant enters the reactor vessel from the primary loop

Входной патрубок

Outlet nozzle || The nozzle through which heated coolant exits the reactor vessel to the primary loop

Выходной патрубок

Support shell-ring || The ring section of the reactor vessel that rests on the support structure (e.g., reactor pit)

Опорная обечайка

Central shell-ring || The middle cylindrical section of the reactor vessel between the upper and lower rings

Центральная (средняя) обечайка корпуса

Lower shell-ring || The lower cylindrical section of the reactor vessel, typically below the core region

Нижняя обечайка корпуса

Bottom head (dome) || The hemispherical or ellipsoidal bottom closure of the reactor pressure vessel

Днище корпуса реактора (эллиптическое)

Mechanical treatment || Machining, grinding, or other mechanical processes to achieve precise dimensions and surface finish on components

Механическая обработка

Anti-corrosion plating || A protective coating applied to surfaces to prevent corrosion, often using materials like stainless steel cladding or nickel alloys

Антикоррозионное покрытие

X-ray control || Radiographic inspection (X-ray) used to detect internal flaws in welds and base materials during fabrication and in-service

Рентгеновский контроль

Hydraulic pressure test || A test where a component (e.g., reactor vessel) is filled with water and pressurized to a value above operating pressure to verify integrity

Гидравлическое испытание (гидроиспытание)

Heat treatment || Controlled heating and cooling processes applied to metals to relieve stresses, alter microstructure, and improve mechanical properties

Термическая обработка

Natural draft cooling tower || A cooling tower that uses the natural buoyancy of warm air to draw air through the tower without mechanical fans

Градирня с естественной тягой

Cooling tower shell || The large concrete or steel structure that forms the outer envelope of a natural draft cooling tower

Облицовка градирни, оболочка градирни

Cold water basin || The basin at the bottom of a cooling tower that collects cooled water after it has passed through the fill

Бассейн холодной воды

Air inlets || Openings at the base of a cooling tower that allow ambient air to enter

Воздухозаборники

Spray nozzles || Devices that distribute hot water evenly over the fill inside a cooling tower

Распылительные сопла

Drift eliminators || Devices (usually baffles) that capture water droplets entrained in the exhaust air to reduce water loss and environmental impact

Каплеуловители (влагоуловители)

Natural convection/ circulation || Movement of fluid (air or water) driven by density differences due to temperature gradients, without mechanical pumping

Естественная конвекция / естественная циркуляция

Stack effect || The upward movement of air through a vertical structure (chimney, cooling tower) caused by the buoyancy of warmer air relative to cooler outside air

Тяга (эффект дымохода)