Liu and Deng's policies/reforms after the famine and after the cultural revolution

what policy did deng introduce when he finally assumed power of china in 1978? and what did this policy mean for china?

china’s open door policy, in 1978

lead to the establishemnt of SEZs in china which attracted FDI and economic growth, therefore.

isolationist policies—> more open and integrated

econ quickly recovered

began to take the ‘capitalist road’ that mao fought to avoid

what positions of power did liu and deng hold after the GLF and mao being sidelined?

liu= new head of state

deng= general sec of party

P_____ and rationality replaced f_____ and u______

pragmatism and rationality replaced fanaticsm and utopianism

what speech did liu give soon after the GLF ended, when and where and what did he say?

what did and dint he criticise→ why??

jan 1962

at 7000 party cadres

dismissed mao’s claim that the successes outweighed the failures by a ratio of 9:1 during the GLF

and rejected that bad weather cuased the famine

criticised the policies of te GLF, BUT never mao personally→ didnt want to cause unrest or upheaval or polarise society BUT everyone knew the policies were maos and therefore to critise the policies was top criticise mao

what were lui and dengs reforms post GLF largely aimed at doing?

restoring agri production

give some examples of policies introduced by lui amd deng?

• peasants/ people were allowed to trade what they wanted on the free market

• peasants were allowed to claim any unused land and cultivate

• prisoners in labour camps were put to work, making cooking utensils to replace ones melted in backyard furnaces

• ind prod changed to support agri prod by using steel, wood bamboo ext to make carts, boats, hand tools ext

• people who had technical knowledge and skills/ expertise were made to help organise an efficient econ

• communes were scaled back, and greater freedoms were given to peasants to prod what they wanted on priv plots

• prod targets set now had a focus on making sure factories were profitable

by 1965, had agri prod recovered? to what year’s level?

yes!

back to the same level as 1957 (pre-GLF)

how did freedom for peasants to work on prov plots prove a success?

by mind 1960s, what fraction of peasants’ incomes were from priv prod?

gave incentive to work harder

produced what they needed and a surplus to sell

by mid-1960s, priv prod accounted for around 1/3 of peasants’ incomes

what rate per year was light industry now growing at?

what about heavy industry

light= 27% per year (eg clothes and furniture)

heavy= 17% 

what was the level of production of consumer goods like compared to 1957 level now?

double