Chapter 5 Solutions Manual

This set of flashcards encapsulates essential vocabulary and concepts related to the dissolution and reactions of ionic compounds in aqueous solutions.

Electrolyte

A compound that dissociates into freely solvated ions when dissolved in water, allowing for electric current conduction.

Weak Electrolyte

A compound (typically an acid) that does not completely dissociate in water, resulting in a poor conductor of electric current.

Solvated

Surrounded by solvent molecules.

Solubility Rules

Guidelines that determine the solubility of various ionic compounds in water.

Strong Electrolyte

A compound that completely dissociates in solution, providing a high concentration of ions.

Precipitation Reaction

A reaction in which two aqueous solutions combine to form an insoluble solid product.

Ionic Equation

An equation that shows the ions involved in a reaction, highlighting the reactive species.

Colligative Properties

Properties of solutions that depend on the number of solute particles relative to solvent molecules, such as boiling point elevation and freezing point depression.

Molarity

A unit of concentration defined as moles of solute divided by liters of solution.

Mass Percent

The mass of solute divided by the total mass of the solution, multiplied by 100.

Dissociation

The process by which ionic compounds break apart into their component ions when dissolved.

Isotonic

Solutions that have the same osmotic pressure.

Hypertonic

Solutions with a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution.

Hypotonic

Solutions with a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution.

Gas Evolving Reaction

A reaction that produces gas as a product.

Complete Ionic Equation

An equation that shows all soluble ionic substances as ions.

Net Ionic Equation

An equation that shows only the ions involved in a chemical reaction, omitting spectator ions.

Vapor Pressure Depression

The reduction of the vapor pressure of a solvent when a solute is dissolved.