ミ☆ chemistry unit 5
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what is the definition of a physical change from this video
changes in a substance that do not involve a change in the identity of the chemical makeup of that substance. all changes in state of matter are physical changes, and all physical changes are not necessarily accompanied by a chemical change.
write down the examples of physical change in this video.
grinding peanuts to become peanut butter, folding paper to be a paper airplane, bending copper to be a copper wire, melting ice to become water.
what is the definition of a chemical change from this video?
a change in a substance that involves a change in the identity of chemical makeup of that substance. all chemical changes are accompanied by physical changes.
write down the examples of chemical changes in this video.
fermenting sugar to alcohol, combusting logs to burning wood, oxidzing an iron nail to a rusty nail, and doing electrolysis to water to create h2 and o2 gas.
for the 8 examples, write down if they are classified as physical or chemical change and why the video creator classifies them in this way.
condensing water vapor - physical because it is a change in state
combustion of gasoline - chemical because the gasoline is reacting with oxygen to produce new substances.
turning water into h2 and o2 gas - chemical because the molecules are rearranging to become different molecules.
milk souring - chemical because milk is being turned into different substances by bacteria.
sublimation of dry ice - physical because it is a change in state
turning copper into wire - physical because the copper is only changing in shape.
fermentation of sugar into alcohol - chemical because the bacteria changes the sugar molecules into the substances that make up alcohol.
evaporating water - physical because it is a change in state.
write down the signs of chemical change indicated at the beginning of this video
bubbles of gas are released, heat is released or absorbed, light is given off, a precipitate (a solid) is formed from the solutions (a mixture of two subtances), a smell is produced, a change of color occurs, the chemical’s identity changes
record each example given, then write the sign(s) that indicate chemical change has occurred.
acidic acid and sodium bicorbonate produce bubbles of gas.
burning paper makes heat release and light to be produced.
silver nitrate (agno3) and sodium chloride (nacl) make a precipitate form.
sulfuric acid to water and phenolphthalein indicator make the water turn from clear to pink.
sour milk produces a foul smell.
iron and oxygen changes the identity of the chemical.
how do you name monatomic cations (representative elements)
as a cation, the magnesium 2+ ion would be called: magnesium ion, a rubidium cation (+1) would be called:, rubidium ion.
how would you name transition metals
if i had a gold (au) ion with a +2 charge, it would be named:, gold (ii) ion, if you had a lead (pb) ion with a +4 charge, it would be called:, lead (iv) ion
how do you name monatomic anions
name the nitrogen anion: nitride ion what is the name of the iodine anion? iodide ion
what are the names of certain polyatomic ions?
co3 2- carbonate ion, nh4 +ammonium ion, oh- hydroxide ion
write a step-by-step process for writing ionic compound formulas from names. included in your process should be explanations for: how to balance the charges, what the subscripts mean, and when subscripts and superscripts should be written.
for lithium oxide, find the elements on the periodic table (lithium and oxygen).
find out the charge they have based on the position on the periodic table (lithium has a +1 charge, oxygen has a -2 charge)
check to see if it is balanced, and change it if necessary (the +1 charge and the -2 charge do not balance out, so to balance it, add a lithium for the charges to be +2 and -2, effectively balancing out).
write out the chemical formula (li2o).
subscript refers to the amount of atoms, located on the lower right. the superscript is the electrical charge, located on the upper right.
outline the 2 common mistakes tyler points out at the end of the video, and why they are wrong.
do not write the subscript as 1, because a blank subscript already implies 1. do not add the charges to the elements because the charges already cancel out.
go back to your step by step process from the “writing ionic compounds video” (#2a) and add the information you need to keep in mind if you have a transition metal in the formula.
for chromium (ii) iodide, find the elements on the periodic table (chromium and iodine)
find out the charge they have based on the position on the periodic table (chromium has a +2 charge, indicated for the roman numeral, iodine has a -1 charge)
check to see if it is balanced, and change it if necessary (the +1 charge and the -2 charge do not balance out, so to balance it, add a lithium for the charges to be +2 and -2, effectively balancing out).,
write out the chemical formula (cr2i).
write a note for yourself about the big mistake tyler warns you about during the chromium (ii) iodide example.
the roman numerals indicate the positive charge, not the number of atoms in that compound.
write the examples for chromium (ii) iodide and manganese (iii) oxide.
cri2, mn2o3
use parentheses when more than one polyatomic ion is present, do not use them if only one is present
nitride = n3-, nitrite = no2-, nitrate = no3-, -ide = monatomic, -ite/-ate = polyatomic
ionic = metal + nonmetal, molecular = two nonmetals
tetraphosphorus decasulfide = p4s10, carbon monoxide = co
Note 
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