Significance of Studying History and Historical Perspectives

These flashcards cover the significance of studying history, key historical perspectives, and important concepts from the lecture notes to aid in exam preparation.

What does E.H. Carr suggest about history in relation to the present?

The function of the historian is to master and understand the past as the key to understanding the present.

What is the main idea behind Leopold Von Ranke's positivist history?

A historical fact is external to a historian and should be narrated based on hard evidence, free from subjectivity.

What is Historical Revisionism?

Legitimate re-examination of past events using new evidence or perspectives to gain a clearer understanding of history.

How do Annales historians view history?

They emphasize 'History from below,' focusing on the experiences of ordinary people.

What did E.H. Carr state about the processing of facts in history?

Facts must be processed by the historian before they can be utilized.

What is the difference between historical distortion and historical denialism?

Historical distortion is the deliberate twisting of facts to promote a narrative, while denialism rejects established historical facts for ideological purposes.

How does E.H. Carr describe progress in historical interpretation?

Progress involves integrating new interpretations based on new verifiable evidence into older interpretations.

What does the term 'pantayong pananaw' refer to?

A perspective that emphasizes a from-us-for-us viewpoint in writing history.

What is diachronic analysis in historical studies?

Analysis that explores interconnections and relationships of different periods and events through time.

What is the significance of the concept 'memory as a source' in history?

It highlights how historical consciousness shaped by collective memory is crucial for understanding past events.

What does 'Geography' literally mean in relation to history?

Geography means 'earth description' and is important for understanding the context of historical events.

What are primary sources in historical research?

Eyewitness accounts, documents published during a certain historical period, and objects directly involved in historical events.

What does the phrase 'obedezco pero no cumplo' mean in the context of Spanish colonial governance?

I obey, but I will not comply, reflecting the challenges of enforcing colonial authority.

What were the 3 G's that drove Spanish colonization?

God (Christianization), Gold (Mercantilism), and Glory (ownership of colonial territories).

What is the significance of the Galleon trade from 1565 to 1813?

It connected Mexico and China, being a primary aspect of the Philippine economy during that period.

What is the 'encomienda system' and why was it important?

A system where Spanish conquerors were granted land and the right to extract labor from native populations, leading to significant social and economic impacts.

What is the relationship between pantayong pananaw and historical narratives in the Philippines?

Pantayong pananaw aims to rewrite Philippine history from a Filipino perspective, countering colonial narratives.

How did the arrival of Islam in the Philippines influence local society?

Islam introduced a new political order through the establishment of Sultanates, affecting trade and local governance.

What role did education play in the 19th century in the Philippines?

Educational reforms initiated by the friars allowed for the spread of liberal ideas and greater involvement of mestizos in seeking reforms.