ENGLISH EXAM STUDY GUIDE

"and though I walk through the valof the no evil art with me;thy stafft me."

Who are the main charecters, gods, and godesses in the Odyssey?

Odysseus, Circe, Telemachus, Polyphemus, Penelope, Scylla, Charbyidis, Nausicaa, Laertes, Zeus, Athena, Calypso

What is the basic plot point of the Odyssey?

The Odyssey is Homer's epic of Odysseus' 10-year struggle to return home after the Trojan War. While Odysseus battles mystical creatures and faces the wrath of the gods, his wife Penelope and his son Telemachus stave off suitors vying for Penelope's hand and Ithaca's throne long enough for Odysseus to return.

Who are the MAJOR charecters in ABC ( American-Born-Chinese )?

Chin-Kee, Wei-Chen Sun, Greg, Tze-Yo-Tzuh, Wong Lai-Tsao, Suzy Nakamara, Jin Wang, Danny, The monkey king, Amelia Harris

What are the major plot points in ABC ( American-Born-Chinese )?

The novel explores issues of Chinese American identity, anti-Asian racism, and assimilation.

What are the symbols in ABC ( American-Born-Chinese )?

Shoes and Hair - trying to be something other than yourself

Transformers - symbolizes identity

The laughing - sitcoms, racist stuff

What are examples of imagery in ABC ( American-Born Chinese )?

Scent of Monkey Fur, Sound of the Abuccus, Chin-Kee's takeout container luggage,

What are the major events in a "hero's journey?"

1. The call to adventure
2. Refusal of the call
3. Supernatural aid: A mentor figure gives the hero the tools and inspiration they need to accept the call to adventure.
4. Crossing the threshold: The hero embarks on their quest.
5. Belly of the Whale: The hero crosses the point of no return, and encounters their first major obstacle.
6. The road of trials
7. The meeting with the goddess
8. Woman as temptress
9. Atonement with the father
10. Apotheosis
11. The ultimate boon
12. Refusal of the return
13. The magic flight
14. Rescue from without
15. The crossing of the return threshold
16. Master of two worlds
17. Freedom to live

What are the elements of an epic?

1. epic hero
2. quest
3. valerous deeds
4. divine intervention
5. Great events

What is the plot of animal farm?

It tells the story of a group of farm animals who rebel against their human farmer, hoping to create a society where the animals can be equal, free, and happy. Ultimately, the rebellion is betrayed, and under the dictatorship of a pig named Napoleon, the farm ends up in a state as bad as it was before.

Be able to apply proper capitilization, commas, and colons.

Proper usage: I went to the supermarket to buy: oranges, apples, tomatos, peaches, and ice cream.

What is a simile?

a form of comparison in which two things are compared using like or as

What is a metaphor?

comparison not using like or as

What is foreshadowing?

A warning or indication of a future event, ( the audience typically knows )

What is verbal irony?

a type of irony where the speaker or the phrase said it meant something else: ex: you are in a hurricane, and they say "What lovely weather were having

What is dramatic irony?

a type of irony in which the audience knows something that the charecters don't, resulting in increased tension: ex: you get shown a cutscene in which the bad guys are hiding on top of a ledge, and the good guys don't know that he is there.

What is situational irony?

a type of irony in which the oppisite of what is expected to happen, happens: ex: David the kings spy, runs in to stop a wedding before the princess can marry the peasant pretending to be a prince

What is a symbol?

a thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract.

What is direct charectization?

when an author describes a character in a straightforward manner, as if telling the reader directly.

What is indirect characterization?

when an author reveals a character's traits through actions, thoughts, speech, etc., instead of saying it outright.

What is a summary?

a short overview of the main points of an article or other source, written entirely in your own words.

What is first person point of view?

a mode of storytelling in which a storyteller recounts events from their own point of view using the first person such as "I", "us", "our" and "ourselves".

What is second person point of view?

This is the "you" perspective. Once again, the biggest indicator of the second person is the use of second-person pronouns: you, your, yours, yourself, yourselves.

What is third person point of view?

the narrator exists outside the events of the story, and relates the actions of the characters by referring to their names or by the third-person pronouns he, she, or they.

What is the "moment of incident?"

The inciting incident is an unexpected event in a story that upsets the character's status quo.

What is the "Climax?"

the most intense, exciting, or important point of something; a culmination or apex.

What is "personification?"

the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form.

What is (internal) "conflict?"

a struggle WITHIN a person's mind over a problem or question.

What is (external) "conflict?"

struggle between a literary or dramatic character and an outside force such as nature or another character, which drives the dramatic action of the plot

What is man v.s man conflict?

involves two characters struggling against each other. The conflict can manifest in different ways, from a physical altercation to irreconcilable differences in morals or beliefs.

What is man v.s self conflict?

a type of conflict that takes place inside a character's mind. This conflict usually involves the main character's inner struggle with self-doubts, a moral dilemma, or their own nature

What is man v.s society conflict?

is evident in literature when a character clashes with societal rules and decides to act out against them.

What is man v.s nature conflict?

an external struggle positioning the character against an animal or a force of nature, such as a storm or tornado, or snow.

Who is Athena?

is the divine benefactor of Odysseus, King of Ithaca, and his family. She advocates for Odysseus before the council of the Gods on Mount Olympus, and she provides Odysseus and his son with sage advice

Who are the Lotus Eaters?

mysterious people who live on a small island. They regularly consume lotus plants that cause them to live in a perpetual state of bliss. Their lifestyle causes them to lose all sense of urgency. Odysseus and his men spend some time on their island THEY EAT FLOWERS

Who is Caylpso?

a nymph of the mythical island of Ogygia. In Homer's Odyssey, she entertained the Greek hero Odysseus for seven years, but she could not overcome his longing for home even by promising him immortality.

Who is Helios?

the god of the sun, who owns 700 cattle and livestock, each of which he stares at from sunrise to sunset. Odysseus' men garner the anger of the sun god by slaughtering his beloved animals. They have offered the best to the gods as compensation for their sins.

Who is Homer?

the ancient Greek writer behind the Iliad and the Odyssey, two of the most iconic poems of all time. Through these epic poems he took us on the journey of Odysseus as he struggled to find his way back home after the Trojan War, battling against sea monsters, temptresses, beasts and more along the way.

Who is Telemachus?

in Greek mythology, son of the Greek hero Odysseus and his wife, Penelope. When \______________ reached manhood, he visited Pylos and Sparta in search of his wandering father. On his return, he found that Odysseus had reached home before him.

Who is Penelope?

in Greek mythology, a daughter of Icarius of Sparta and the nymph Periboea and wife of the hero Odysseus. They had one son, Telemachus. Homer's Odyssey tells the story of how, during her husband's long absence after the Trojan War, many chieftains of Ithaca and nearby islands become her suitors.

Who is Zeus?

KING OF THE GODS. role in the Odyssey was the weigher and middleman of all disputes. He was primarily the one who determined each of our characters' fates, as he held the power of life and death.

What is Ithaca?

The beautiful island of \______ is famous as the homeland of Odysseus (Ulysses), the hero of the Homeric poem Odyssey. \____________ is the land where the faithful Penelope waits patiently twenty years for her husband to return from the Trojan War.

Who are the Sirens?

beautiful women of the sea, who sing songs that hypnotize or lure and trick men into shipwrecking their boats on rocky shores because they follow the irresistible songs. Odysseus instructs his crew to tie him to the mast, telling them to ignore whatever he may say while under the sway of their song.

Who is Poseidon?

the God of the Sea. one of three sons of the Titans, Cronus and Rhea, He was the brother of Zeus, Father to the Gods, and Hades, God of the Underworld.

Who is Hades? (the underworld)

the god of the Underworld, but the god does not make an appearance in the story. Hades is also the name for the underworld itself. Odysseus travels to its entrance.

Who is Circe?

a sorceress, the daughter of Helios, the sun god, and of the ocean nymph Perse. She was able by means of drugs and incantations to change humans into wolves, lions, and swine. The Greek hero Odysseus visited her island, AEAEA, with his companions, whom she changed into pigs.

Who is "nobody?"

trapped in the cave of the Cyclops Polyphemus who ate two of the men the king of Ithaca was traveling with and was about to eat Odysseus himself. It is then, that Odysseus got Polyphemus drunk, told him that his name is "Nobody" and after that blinded the one-eyed giant. (Odysseus)

Who is Polyphemus?

the most famous of the Cyclopes (one-eyed giants), son of Poseidon, god of the sea, and the nymph Thoösa. Killed lots of Odysseus's men until "nobody" ended him

Who is Aeolus?

controller of the winds and ruler of the floating island of Aeolia. Gave odysseus the "bag of winds"

Who is Elpenor?

not especially notable for his intelligence or strength, but he survived the Trojan War, and appears in the Odyssey. He is the youngest man to survive the Laestrygonians. While Odysseus was staying on Aeaea, Circe's island, Elpenor became drunk and climbed onto the roof of Circe's palace to sleep.

What is "giving gifts?"

Homer believed one should extend gifts to strangers because generosity and kindness towards others was a force for social good. This concept of hospitality was considered helpful in maintaining order.

What is "kindness to strangers?"

The Law of Hospitality is being polite to strangers who need assistance but it is more than it's a host and guest relationship. Xenia is seen throughout The Odyssey.

What is the "bag of winds?"

a bag in which the unfavourable winds were confined. Odysseus' companions opened the bag; the winds escaped and drove them back to the island. Although he appears as a human in Homer, Aeolus later was described as a minor god.

What is "Ino's Veil?"

The name, Ino, is inspired by Homer's The Odyssey. Ino, as sea-goddess Leucothea, saves Odysseus from drowning at sea by offering him her enchanted scarf that keeps him afloat.

Who is Hermes?

he appears mainly as the messenger of the gods and the conductor of the dead to Hades. He was also a dream god, and the Greeks offered to him the last libation before sleep. As a messenger, he may also have become the god of roads and doorways, and he was the protector of travellers.

What is Scylla?

a supernatural female creature, with 12 feet and six heads on long snaky necks, each head having a triple row of sharklike teeth, while her loins were girdled by the heads of baying dogs. From her lair in a cave she devoured whatever ventured within reach, including six of Odysseus's companions.

What is Charbydis?

a deadly whirpool, Odysseus survives this by choosing to instead go towards scylla

Who are the Lystragonians?

fictional race of cannibalistic giants described in Book 10 of Homer's Odyssey. When Odysseus and his men land on the island native to the Laestrygones, the giants pelt Odysseus's ships with boulders, sinking all but Odysseus's own ship.

What are Helio's Cattle?

Homer describes these immortal cattle as handsome (ἄριστος), wide-browed (εὐρυμέτωπος), fat, and straight-horned (ὀρθόκραιρος). The cattle were guarded by Helios' daughters, Phaëthusa and Lampetië, and it was known by all that any harm to any single animal was sure to bring down the wrath of the god.

Who is Eumaeus?

Eumaeus serves as Odysseus' swineherd, or tender to his pigs. However, Eumaeus' loyalty to Odysseus and his family goes far beyond that of a swineherd. Eumaeus protects Penelope, Odysseus' wife, from suitors eager to marry her while Odysseus is away.

Who is Argos?

Odysseus's dog who waited paitiently by the door of his house and was treated with neglect, died when Odysseus came back

Who is Odysseus?

Main character of the Odyssey who would get home after the Trojan War

Who is the Monkey King?

At first, this character thinks he knows everything. And it is true—he knows an awful lot about kung-fu and being immortal.

Who is Greg?

a white American boy and a friend of Amelia Harris. While he initially appears nice, it is later revealed he is racist, disapproving of Jin's relationship with Amelia.

Who is Wein-Chen Sun?

the Monkey King's eldest son, sent to earth in human form as an emissary for Tze-Yo-Tzuh. His test of virtue is to spend forty years in the mortal world while remaining free of human vice.

Who is Melanie?

One of Danny's classmates and his crush. She's a beautiful, busty white girl who, even from the very beginning, seems far more interested in studying with Danny than she does in being romantic with him.

Who is Danny?

a white "average" American boy. Danny is always irritated and embarrassed by his Asian cousin Chin-Kee.

Who is Chin-Kee?

a startling caricature of negative Chinese stereotypes. He is Danny's larger-than-life Chinese cousin who, to Danny's embarrassment, comes to visit every year.

What is the Transformer?

a symbol. Transformers—more than meets the eye. These aren't just cool toys from the 1980s—nope, they also symbolize Jin's most basic desire: to transform into something different than what he is in real life (a typical Chinese American kid).

Who is Peter The Eater?

A boy at Jin's elementary school who's a year older than Jin. He's hulking, unpopular, and a bully, known to many as "Peter the Eater" due to his habit of picking his nose and eating his boogers.

Who is Suzy Nakamura?

The only other Asian student in Jin's elementary school before Wei-Chen arrives from Taiwan. Suzy is Japanese American and wears high-waisted pants and a striped shirt. At first, she and Jin ignore each other because their classmates believe that being the only Asian students means Suzy and Jin must either be related or engaged to be married. Her personality only begins to come out later when, in seventh grade, she begins dating Wei-Chen.

Who is Wong Lai-Tsaoo?

a monk sent on a journey to Tze-Yo-Tzuh. He is promised the Monkey King as a disciple. Jin Wang: Jin Wang is a Chinese-American boy who wants to fit in with the white students at his new school in a suburb.

Who is "The Great Sage Equal Of Heaven?"

What the monkey king renamed himself to.

Who is Jin Wang?

The protagonist of American Born Chinese, Jin Wang is a middle-schooler for most of the novel. He is a dynamic character who goes through significant personal change and growth as the novel progresses. When he was a young child, he lived with his parents in an apartment in Chinatown in San Francisco. (turns into Danny)

Who is Amelia?

A blond girl who goes to school with Jin beginning in third grade, but whom Jin only begins to take notice of her when they're in seventh grade. Amelia wears overalls over a tank top that reveals her bare shoulders, which excites Jin and triggers an intense crush on her. Jin shares with the reader that Amelia isn't especially pretty, speaks with a lisp, and has some dandruff, but this doesn't dull his affections for her.

Who is Tze-Yo-Tzuh?

In the part of American Born Chinese that is adapted from Journey to the West, he has the role played by the Buddha in the original story. He is our version of god.

What is flower fruit mountain?

Where the Monkey king lived, and where his community flourished until he abanndonned it later in the book

Who is and what purpose does the Chinese Herbalist's wife serve?

While Jin still lives in San Francisco, he spends an afternoon every weekend with his mother at the herbalist's shop, sitting in the front with the herbalist's wife. The herbalist's wife is an ancient woman who busies herself on her abacus doing calculations until one day, she engages Jin in conversation and asks what he wants to be. When Jin shares his dreams of becoming a Transformer but suggests that this wish is impossible to fulfill, the herbalist's wife suggests this isn't entirely true

What is a quick summary of Animal Farm?

It tells the story of a group of farm animals who rebel against their human farmer, hoping to create a society where the animals can be equal, free, and happy. Ultimately, the rebellion is betrayed, and under the dictatorship of a pig named Napoleon, the farm ends up in a state as bad as it was before.

Who is Napoleon?

a threatening and 'fierce looking' Berkshire boar. He is one of the three pigs that take Old Major's ideas and turn them into 'Animalism' - a system of thought that encourages the animals to rebel. He is not a gifted speaker but is known for getting his own way. Represents Joseph Stalin

Who is snowball?

a character in George Orwell's 1945 novel Animal Farm. He is largely based on Leon Trotsky, who led the opposition against Joseph Stalin. He also a pig, not a bunny

Who is Old Major?

the first major character described by George Orwell in his 1945 novel Animal Farm. An elderly Middle White boar, his "purebred" of pigs is a kind, grandfatherly philosopher of change.

Who is Squeler?

a fictional character, a pig, in George Orwell's 1945 novel Animal Farm. He serves as second-in-command to Napoleon and is the farm's minister of propaganda. He is described in the book as an effective and very convincing orator and a fat porker.

Who is Boxer?

a character from George Orwell's 1945 novel Animal Farm. He is shown as the farm's dedicated and loyal laborer. He serves as an allegory for the Russian working-class who helped to oust Tsar Nicholas and establish the Soviet Union, but were eventually betrayed by the government under Joseph Stalin.

Who is Moses?

The tame raven who spreads stories of Sugarcandy Mountain, the paradise to which animals supposedly go when they die. He plays only a small role in Animal Farm, but Orwell uses him to explore how communism exploits religion as something with which to pacify the oppressed.

Who is Clover?

a horse, and Boxer's companion. She is described as 'a stout motherly mare approaching middle life, who had never quite got her figure back after her fourth foal. ' Being the most maternal of the animals, she is the one who cares for the ducklings who lost their mother during Old Major's meeting.

Who is Mollie?

The vain, flighty mare who pulls Mr. Jones's carriage. She craves the attention of human beings and loves being groomed and pampered. She has a difficult time with her new life on Animal Farm, as she misses wearing ribbons in her mane and eating sugar cubes.

Who is Muriel?

The white goat who reads the Seven Commandments to Clover whenever Clover suspects the pigs of violating their prohibitions.

Who is Benjamin?

a donkey in George Orwell's 1945 novel Animal Farm. He is also the oldest of all the animals. He is less straightforward than most characters in the novel, and a number of interpretations have been put forward to which social class he represents as regards to the Russian Revolution and the Soviet Union.

Who are Jesse + Bluebell?

Two dogs, each of whom gives birth early in the novel. Napoleon takes the puppies in order to "educate" them.

Who is Minimus?

A poetic pig who writes the second national anthem of Animal Farm after the singing of "Beasts of England" is banned; later he composes a poem "Comrade Napoleon".

Who is Farmer Jones?

a fictional character in George Orwell's 1945 allegorical novel Animal Farm. Jones is an allegory for Tsar Nicholas II of Russia. Jones is overthrown by the animals of his farm, who represent Bolshevik and liberal revolutionaries.

Who is Mr. Fredrick?

owns the neighboring farm of Pinchfield. He may be a human farmer, but he's no drunk idiot like Mr. Jones: he's "a tough, shrewd bastard

Who is Mr. Pilkington?

the owner of Foxwood, a farm near Animal Farm. He is introduced as "an easy-going gentleman farmer who spent most of his time in fishing and huntin

Who is Mr. Whypher?

The human solicitor whom Napoleon hires to represent Animal Farm in human society. Mr. Whymper's entry into the Animal Farm community initiates contact between Animal Farm and human society, alarming the common animals.

What is the bonus answer given to us by Mr. Moore?

B Major 7 Flat 5