LC BIOLOGY- Cell Diversity

Tissue

a group of similar cells that are modified (or adapted) to carry out the same function

Tissue Culture

the growth of cells in or on a sterile nutrient artificial medium outside an organism

Organ

a structure composed of a number of tissues that work together to carry out one or more functions

Organ System

consists of a number of organs working together to carry out one or more functions

Basic Plant Tissues

• dermal

• vascular

• ground

• meristematic

Dermal Tissue

surrounds and protects the plant

e.g. epidermis

Vascular Tissue

transports materials throughout the plant

Types of Vascular Tissue

xylem and phloem

Xylem

transports water and dissolved minerals

Phloem

transports food

Basic Animal Tissues

• epithelial

• connective

• muscular

• nervous

Connective Tissue

consists of cells dispersed in a matrix, and it surrounds and supports body parts

Blood

a type of connective tissue that has red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets carried in plasma

Nervous Tissue

adapted to carry electrical impulses throughout the body

Neurons

nerve cells

In Vitro

means outside the body

Forms of Tissue Culture

• micropropagation

• monoclonal antibodies

• growth of skin

Micropropagation

• the growth of large numbers of plants from cells of a parent plant

• rapidly produces new genetically identical plants

Monoclonal antibodies

• combine with a specific, single type of antigen

• may be used to attach to and show the presence of cancer cells

Growth of Skin

• patient’s skin grown outside the body

• new skin is grafted onto the wound

Plant Organs

include the root, stem, and leaf

Animal Organs

include the brain, liver, and heart

Animal Organ Systems

include the circulatory and the digestive systems

Organisation of Multicellular Living Things

cells → tissues → organs → organ systems → organism