Healthcare Figures and Innovations - Flashcards

A set of Question-and-Answer style flashcards covering notable medical figures and their contributions from the provided notes.

Which practice did Ignaz Semmelweis promote to reduce childbed fever?

Handwashing to prevent childbed fever.

What did Marie Curie discover?

Radium.

Who was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize in Medicine?

Gerty Cori.

Which life-saving choking maneuver is named after Henry J. Heimlich?

The Heimlich maneuver.

Edward Jenner developed the vaccine for which disease?

Smallpox.

Which ancient physician is known as the father of medicine?

Hippocrates.

Who performed the first successful kidney transplant?

Joseph Murray.

What statement is Frederick Hopkins associated with regarding vitamins?

Vitamins are essential for good health.

Which scientists are associated with the discovery of HIV?

Robert Gallo and Luc Montagnier.

What system did William Harvey describe?

The circulatory system.

Who discovered X-rays?

Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen.

Who proposed the double-helix structure of DNA?

James Watson and Francis Crick.

What medical discovery is Frederick Banting known for?

Insulin.

What theory is Louis Pasteur famous for?

Germ Theory.

Who discovered penicillin?

Alexander Fleming.

Who built the first microscope?

Anton van Leeuwenhoek.

What did James Lind show about preventing scurvy?

Citrus fruits prevent scurvy.

Which anesthetic gas were Sir Humphry Davy and Horace Wells associated with?

Nitrous oxide.

Which anesthetic did William Morton popularize?

Ether.

Who invented the stethoscope?

Rene Laennec.

Who performed the first successful blood transfusion?

James Blundell.

Who introduced antiseptic technique in surgery?

Joseph Lister.

What did Karl Landsteiner discover?

Blood antibodies (and ABO blood groups).

What is Michael DeBakey known for in cardiovascular medicine?

Pioneering procedures in the field of cardiovascular defects.

Who was the first female physician?

Elizabeth Blackwell.

Who is considered the founder of modern nursing?

Florence Nightingale.

Who founded the Red Cross?

Clara Barton.

Who developed the first successful permanent artificial heart?

Robert Jarvik.

Who invented the CT scanner?

William Hounsfield.

What is William Kouwenhoven known for in resuscitation?

CPR and defibrillation.