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How language develops
First words → around 1 year
Telegraphic speech → short phrases
By 5 years old:
Full grammar
Can make new sentences
Phonemes
smallest units of sound
change one sound = different meaning
Synax
rules for word order ( sentence structure )
Generativiy
can make infinite sentences from limited words
Pragmatics
Rules of communication
Example: taking turns
how we use language socially
semantics
meaning of words/sentences
Metalinguistic Awareness
Understanding how language works
INFANT-DIRECTED SPEECH
What it sounds like:
Higher pitch
Slower
Exaggerated
Emotional
Vocabulary Growth
Big variation between kids
Range increases as they grow
Associative Learning (basic idea)
heard word + see objects — connect them
joint attention
child + adult focus on same thing
uses
pointing ( 12 months )
eye gaze ( 18 months)
Constraints problem
too many things to focus on
Syntactic Bootstrapping
Kids use sentence structure to figure out meaning