Muscular system chapter 10

Muscle type found only in the heart

Cardiac muscle

Muscle type found in the digestive tract, blood vessels, and airways

Smooth muscle

Muscle type that is attached to bone and causes movement of the body?

Skeletal muscle

A muscle fiber is the name for what?

A skeletal muscle cell

What delicate connective tissue covers each muscle fiber?

Endomysium

Muscle fibers grouped in bundles are called?

Fascicles

A sheath of connective tissue that encases bundles of muscle

Perimysium

A layer of connective tissue that surrounds the muscle as a whole?

Epimysium

Connective tissue that lies between muscles?

Deep fascia

The cytoplasm of a muscle fiber?

Sarcoplasm

Connective tissue residing just under the skin, also called the hypodermis?

Superficial fascia

Muscles that assist another muscle?

Synergist

What is direct attachment?

Muscle Fibers merge with the periosteum of the bone.

What is Indirect attachment?

The epimysium extends past the muscle as a tendon, the tendon merges with the periosteum

A flat sheet of connective tissue that attaches a muscle to another muscle?

Aponeurosis

Contraction in which the muscle changes length while the tension remains the same?

Isotonic contraction

Contraction in which the tension within a muscle increases while its length remains the same?

Isometric contraction

Muscle that opposes the action of a prime mover?

Antagonist

How a muscles named?

• Size

• Shape

• Location

• # of origins

• Direction

• Action

The continuous state of partial muscle contraction is called?

Muscle tone.

Condition in which impulses arrive so fast the muscle cannot relax between stimuli and twitches merge into one prolonged contraction

Complete tetanus

Condition of rapid muscle contraction with only partial relaxation

Incomplete tetanus

The end of a muscle that attaches to the more mobile bone?

Insertion

The end of a muscle that attaches to the more stationary bone

Origin

Type of muscle respiration that uses oxygen?

Aerobic

Type of muscle fermentation that takes place without oxygen?

Anaerobic

Muscle term meaning shortest?

Brevis

Muscle term meaning largest?

Maximus

Muscle direction meaning diagonal?

Oblique

Muscle direction meaning across?

Transverse

Myofilaments are made of which kinds of protein?

Thick myofilaments: made of a protein called myosin

Thin myofilaments: protein called actin