jcl csk roman history monarchy

What were the beginning and ending years of the Monarchy?

753-509 BC

What is the traditional foundation date of Rome?

April 21, 753 BC

What is said to have happed on April 21, 753 BC?

Foundation of Rome

Who held power during the Monarchy?

a king

What bundle of rods with an axe symbolized the imperium (power) of the king?

Fasces

What are fasces?

bundle of rods with an axe which symbolized imperium

How many kings did Rome have altogether?

7

Name all 7 kings in order.

Romulus, Numa Pompilius, Tullus Hostilius, Ancus Marcius, Tarquinius Priscus, Servius Tullius, Tarquinius Superbus

Who was the first king of Rome?

Romulus

Which king expanded Rome's population by offering asylum on the Capitoline for outlaws and taking the wives of the neighboring Sabine tribe?

Romulus

In what two ways did Romulus expand Rome's population?

(1) offering asylum to outlaws on the Capitoline & (2) rape of the Sabine women

Who led the Sabines to Rome to recover their wives?

Titus Tatius

What did Titus Tatius lead a group of Sabines to Rome?

to recover their wives

Who captured the Capitoline Hill through the treachery of a Vestal Virgin named Tarpeia?

Titus Tatius

What Vestal Virgin treacherously allowed Titus Tatius to capture the Capitoline Hill?

Tarpeia

Who opened the gates of the Capitoline to the Sabines after being promised to receive what they bore on their arms?

Tarpeia

What did Tarpeia hope she would receive when she asked the Sabine soldiers for the gold they bore on their arms?

gold bracelets

What happened to Tarpeia when she asked the Sabines for the gold on their arms?

crushed by their shields

What happened to Tarpeia's body after she was killed by the Sabines?

thrown from the "Tarpeian" rock

Whose body was thrown from the rock which bears her name after she was crushed to death by Sabine soldiers?

Tarpeia

What did the Romans do to people senteced to execution?

threw them from Tarpeian rock

Where was the Tarpeian rock located?

Capitoline Hill

With whom did Romulus co-rule in order to appease the Sabines?

Titus Tatius

Which king of Rome establised the Senate?

Romulus

Which king was deified as the god Quirinus after his death?

Romulus

What deified name was given to Romulus after his death?

Quirinus

What symbolic name of the Romans was derived from the name Quirinus?

Quirites

Name the wife of Romulus.

Hersilia

What was Hersilia's deified name?

Hora

Who was the second king of Rome?

Numa Pompilius

Which king of Rome made religious reforms including the Flamines and the establishment of the Cult of Vesta in Rome?

Numa Pompilius

What two priesthoods did Numa establish in Rome?

Flamines & Vestal Virgins

Which king established a 12 month lunar calendar in place of a 10 month one?

Numa Pompilius

Which king was reported to have a water nymph named Egeria as his consort?

Numa Pompilius

What water nymph was reported to have been the consort of Numa Pompilius?

Egeria

Who was the third king of Rome?

Tullus Hostilius

What warrior king destroyed Alba Longa?

Tullus Hostilius

What city was destroyed by the warrior king Tullus Hostilius?

Alba Longa

What three Roman brothers were chosen to fight the Curiatii to decide the outcome of the war with Alba Longa?

Horatii

What three Alban brothers were chosen to fight the Curiatii to decide the outcome of the war with Rome?

Curiatii

How did the last survivor of the Horatii defeat the three Curiatii?

pretended to run away then turned around and killed them one by one

Who was killed by her brother for mourning the Curiatii?

Horatia

Which king of Rome build the Senate house in Rome?

Tullus Hostilius

What was the full name of the Senate house in Rome?

Curia Hostilia

What senate house did Tullus Hostilius build in Rome?

Curia Hostilia

Who was the fourth king of Rome?

Ancus Marcius

Which king built the Pons Sublicius, the first bridge across the Tiber?

Ancus Marcius

What bridge did Ancus Marcius build across the Tiber?

Pons Sublicius

What distant 8th hill across the Tiber did Ancus Marcius add to the city?

Janiculum

What bridge across the Tiber connected the Janiculum hill to Rome?

Pons Sublicius

Which king started a settlement at Ostia where the Tiber meets the Mediterranean?

Ancus Marcius

What settlement did Ancus Marcius establish where the Tiber meets the Mediterranean?

Ostia

What was the chief port city of Rome?

Ostia

Who was the fifth king of Rome?

Tarquinnius Priscus

Of what origin was Tarquinius Priscus?

Etruscan

Who was the father of Tarquinius Priscus?

Demaratus

Which king was the son of Demaratus?

Tarquinnius Priscus

Which king was believed to have originally been named Lucomo?

Tarquinnius Priscus

What was believed to be the original name of Tarquinnius Priscus?

Lucomo

Who was the wife of Tarquinnius Priscus?

Tanaquil

Which king's wife was named Tanaquil?

Tarquinnius Priscus

Who was the sixth king of Rome?

Servius Tullius

What was the original Etruscan name of Servius Tullius?

Mastarna

Which king's original Etruscan name was Mastarna?

Servius Tullius

Which king was the son of Ocrisia who had been a prisoner of war in the court of Tarquinius Priscus?

Servius Tullius

Name the mother of Servius Tullius who had been a prisoner of war in the court of Tarquinius Priscus?

Ocrisia

Which king established the cult of Diana on the Aventine hill?

Servius Tullius

Which diety's cult did Servius Tullius establish on the Aventine hill?

Diana

On which hill did Servius Tullius establish the cult of Diana?

Aventine Hill

What daughter of Servius Tullius married Tarquinius Superbus?

Tullia

Who helped Tarquinius Superbus kill her father?

Tullia

On what road did Tullia ride over her father's body with a chariot?

Via Scelerata

What happened on the Via Scelerata?

Tullia ran over Servius Tullius' body with a chariot

Who was the seventh king of Rome?

Tarquinius Superbus

What does "Superbus" mean?

Proud

Which king completed the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on the Capitoline?

Tarquinius Superbus

What is the alternate name of the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus?

Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus

Which temple did Tarquinius Superbus complete on the Capitoline?

Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus / Capitolinus

Which king completed the Cloaca Maxima, Rome's great sewer?

Tarquinius Superbus

What great sewer did Tarquinius Superbus complete?

Cloaca Maxima

What is the Cloaca Maxima?

Rome's great sewer system

In what temple were the three Sibylline Books kept?

Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus / Capitolinus

What is the term for the 3 books of sacred prophecy in Rome?

Sibylline Books

How many Sibylline books were there originally?

9

Why did the Sibyl burn 6 of the original Sibylline Books of prophecy?

Tarquinius Superbus refused to pay the price (twice)

What did the Sibyl do each time Tarquinius Superbus refused to pay the price for the Sibylline books?

burned 3 of them

What did the Romans consult in times of great crisis?

Sibylline Books

What son of Tarquinius Superbus abused royal power by taking advantage of Lucretia, the wife of Collatinus?

Sextus Tarquinius

What woman did Sextus Tarquinius take advantage of?

Lucretia

Whp was the husband of Lucretia?

Collatinus

Which two men over threw the Tarquins and became the first consuls of the Republic?

Collatinus & Lucius Junius Brutus

How did Collatinus and Brutus become the first Roman consuls?

overthrew the Tarquins