TOPIC 1: HISTORY OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE (PART 1)

Medical Technology

A clinical laboratory science related to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease.

Heinemann

They defined medical technology as an application of principles of natural, physical, and biological sciences to the performance of laboratory procedures which aid in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

Anne Fagelson

They defined medical technology as the branch of medicine concerned with the performance of laboratory determinations and analyses used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and maintenance of health.

Philippine Medical Technology Act of 1969

They defined medical technology as an auxiliary branch of laboratory medicine which deals with the examination by various chemical, microscopic, bacteriologic, and other medical procedures, technique which will aid the physician in the diagnosis, study and treatment of disease and in the promotion of health in general.

RA 5527

Philippine Medical Technology Act of 1969 is also known as?

Hippocrates

A Greek physician regarded as the founder of scientific medicine and considered the 'Father of Medicine.'

Hippocrates

He determined the correlation between anatomical and chemical laboratory findings and the causes of diseases.

Hippocrates

He adopted the triad of regimen in treating diseases and infections using drugs, surgery, and bloodletting.

Taenia and Ascaris

Traces the beginning of Medical Technology when intestinal parasites such as _____ and _____ were mentioned in early writing.

Tapeworm and Roundworm

What is Taenia? and What is Ascaris?

Ebers Papyrus

The book containing the description of the three stages of hookworm infection.

Ruth Williams

She believed that Medical Technology began from the Medieval period, by the fact that urinalysis was a fad.

Early Hindu Doctors

They made scientific observation that the urine of certain individuals attracted ants and that such urine had a sweet taste.

Anne Fagelson

She preferred to date Medical Technology from the 14th century.

Alessandra Giliani

She was employed to perform tasks under the domain of Medical Technology by a prominent Italian physician at the University of Bologna but died from a laboratory-acquired infection.

Marcello Malpighi

He was described as the greatest of the early microscopists.

Marcello Malpighi

His work in embryology and anatomy marked him as the founder of pathology.

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

He invented and improved the compound microscope.

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

He was the first to describe red blood cells, to see protozoan, and to classify bacteria according to shape. It led to the rapid progress of microbiology and pathology.

Hermann Von Fehling

He performed the first quantitative test for urine sugar.

Aniline Dyes

This is used for staining microorganisms and were produced about the middle 15th century. Hence, bacterial staining and microscopic study on bacteria were made possible.

Stethoscope (1816)

First diagnostic medical breakthrough invented by Rene Laennec; used to acquire information about the lungs and heartbeats.

Rene Laennec

Who invented the Stethoscope on 1816?

Microscope (1840)

Developed for medical purposes due to advances in lenses and lower costs.

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

Who devised the first practical microscope?

Ophthalmoscope (1850)

First visual technology invented by Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz.

Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand Von Helmholtz

Who invented the Ophthalmoscope?

Laryngoscope (1855)

Devised by Manuel Garcia using two mirrors to observe the throat and larynx.

Manuel Garcia

Who invented the Laryngoscope?

X-ray (1859)

Invented by Wilhelm Roentgen when he discovered by accident that radiation could penetrate solid objects of low density; allowed physicians to view the inside of the body.

Wilhelm Roentgen

Who invented the X-ray?

Electrocardiograph (1903)

Developed by William Einthoven to measure electrical changes during the beating of the heart.

William Einthoven

Who developed the electrocardiograph?

Kenny Method (1910)

Served as the pioneering work for modern physical therapy; devised by Elizabeth Kenny in the treatment of polio (then called infantile paralysis) using hot packs and muscle manipulation; prompted the invention of a new stretcher (called Sylvia stretcher in 1927) intended for transporting patients in shock.

Elizabeth Kenny

Who devised the Kenny Method?

Infantile Paralysis

Polio was called (this) during the past.

Sylvia Stretcher (1927)

This stretcher was prompted to be invented to transport patients in shock.

Drinker Respirator (1927)

Invented by Philip Drinker to help patients with paralytic anterior poliomyelitis recover normal respiration with the assistance of artificial respirator.

Philip Drinker

Who invented the drinker respirator in 1927?

Heart-Lung Machine (1939)

This was invented by John Heysham Gibbon, Jr..

John Heysham Gibbon, Jr.

Who invented the Heart-Lung Machine in 1939?

Cardiac Catheterization and Angiography (1941)

First operated by Forsmann in 1929; developed by Moniz, Reboul, and Rousthoi between 1930 and 1940; discovered as safe method in humans by Cournand in 1941; made seeing the heart, lung vessels, and valves possible through inserting a cannula in an arm vein and into the heart with an injection of radiopaque dye for X-ray visualization.

Forsmann, 1929, Moniz, Reboul, Rusthoi, 1930 and 1940, Cournand, 1941, cannula, arm, radiopaque dye

Cardiac Catheterization and Angiography was:

First operated by _____ in _____; developed by _____, _____, and _____ between _____ and _____; discovered as safe method in humans by _____ in _____; made seeing the heart, lung vessels, and valves possible through inserting a _____ in an _____ vein and into the heart with an injection of _____ _____ for X-ray visualization.