Old Testament - Final Review

Who are the major people in the book of Ruth?

Ruth, Naomi, Boaz.

What was the major theme of the book?

Bringing outsiders into the family of God and loyalty

Overall message of Proverbs

Live wisely by fearing God and following His commandments.

Themes in Proverbs

Wisdom vs. foolishness, hard work, fearing God, lifestyle advice

Which king is thought to have written Proverbs?

King Solomon.

Why is it ironic that Solomon wrote Proverbs?

Solomon was wise but didn't always follow his own advice.

Parallelism definition

A literary style where two lines repeat or contrast ideas.

Parallelism Example

"The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want." (Same idea in both parts)

Which king wrote many Psalms

King David.

Types of Psalms

Praise, Lament, Thanksgiving, Wisdom, Royal, Imprecatory

what is the Lament Psalm

A psalm expressing profound grief over suffering

what is the Royal Psalm

celebrates Davidic king (as a gift from God)

what is the Imprecatory Psalm

evoking a curse/mad

Who was the author of ecclesiastes

Traditionally Solomon.

Chapter 12 conclusion of ecclesiastes

Fear God and keep His commandments—this is our whole duty.

Theme of Song of Solomon

Love between a man and woman, showing God's gift of love in marriage.

Who was Samuel and what were the significant events in his life

Prophet and last judge; anointed Saul and David.

Order of kings

Saul, David, Solomon,.

Why did the people ask for a king in the first place?

Wanted to be like other nations and have a leader.

Why was Saul the peoples for a king?

He looked the part—tall, strong, impressive, and handsome

What was Saul's major sin?

Disobedience (offered sacrifice himself and didn't destroy Amalekites).

What 3 signs showed that God rejected Saul as king?

Spirit left him, Kingdom taken away, and God chose David instead.

Who was the giant who challenged the Israelites and then David?

Goliath.

Why was David a strange choice for king?

Youngest son, a shepherd, overlooked.

Saul and David's relationship

Saul was jealous and tried to kill David, but David spared Saul's life multiple times.

David and Mephibosheth

David showed immense kindness to Mephibosheth, Jonathan's crippled son

David and Jonathan's friendship

Loyal, sacrificial love—Jonathan protected David, gave him his robe and weapons.

What sins did King David commit with Bathsheba?

Adultery and murder of her husband Uriah.

What is the Penalty for David's sin with Bathsheba?

The first baby died; David faced family conflict and violence.

What is the Sin cycle?

Seek, Covet, Take, Hide

How do we see the Cycle of Sin in the story of David and Bathsheba?

David looked at Bathsheba while bathing, He desired to know more about her, He slept with the women, and sent Uriah (Bathsheba's wife) to the front of the line in war to die and go to marry his wife.

Who had 700 wives and 300 concubines?

Solomon

During the journeys of the ark of the covenant, what happened to the Philistines?

Got tumors and plagues; returned the ark in fear.

Solomon's kingdom:

Wealthy, wise, peaceful, built the temple.

What directive from God did Solomon disobey that ended up turning him from God?

Married foreign women and worshiped their gods.

King of Israel before division

Solomon.

Kings after division

Rehoboam (Judah), Jeroboam (Israel).

Northern Kingdom

Israel

Southern Kingdom

Judah

Reason for division

Solomon's sin and his son, Rehoboam, and his harshness.

Were the kings of Israel and Judah evil, good, or both?

Israel had 0 good; Judah had 8 good.

Capital of Israel

Samaria

Capital of Judah

Jerusalem.

Why Samaritans were hated?

Mixed with other Assyrians and worshiped differently

What king set up after the division

Jeroboam made golden calves.

How long did the babylonian exile last

70 years

Did everyone return to Jerusalem after the exile or just a remnant?

Just a remnant—many stayed behind in Babylon because they had families and jobs.

What did Ezra do

scribe/writes the law (Ezra 1).

What did Nehemiah do

Rebuilt Jerusalem's walls (Nehemiah 6).

What did Zerubbabel do

Rebuilt the temple (Ezra 3)

Who took Israel captive

Assyria

Who took Judah captive

Babylon

Eli and sons

Eli was godly but didn't discipline his wicked sons. They had sinful behavior against sacrifices and slept with women. They didn't know the law.

What is significant about the town of Gath?

One out of the five royal cities of the philistines

What is a Covenant?

A sacred promise or agreement between God and His people.

Why did Jonah hate the people of Nineveh?

They were Israel's enemies

What is the old covenant?

Mosaic Covenant; Relationship between God and his people that was established on Mt. Sinai, where God gave the law and commandments

What is the new covenant and who did it start with?

Through Jesus; forgiving man's sins and restoring the relationship

Why did we need a new covenant?

We couldn't keep the old one; needed forgiveness and heart change.

Why were Daniel and his friends sentenced to death?

King Nebuchadnezzar had a dream and asked his wise men to interpret, but Daniel and the men said they couldn't and they needed time.

How did the stories of Daniel and his friends sentenced to death turn out?

God gave them the answer to Nebuchadnezzar's dream and saved them from being thrown into the fire.

What is a Chiastic structure?

Mirrored pattern (A-B-C-B-A)

Where do we see the Chiastic structure in Daniel?

A - The king wants to kill all the wise men. B - Daniel prays and asks God for help. C - God shows Daniel the dream. B' - Daniel thanks God and gets ready to tell the king. A' - Daniel tells the king the dream and saves the wise men.

What Languages was Daniel written in? Why is that important?

Hebrew and Aramaic—shows God speaks to both Jews and Gentiles.

Explain Daniel's visions of the statue:

Each part is a Nation; the rock (God's kingdom/Jesus) will knock all the other nations and his will last forever.

What are Elijah and Elisha's roles in Israel?

Prophets with miracles—Elijah called fire from heaven; Elisha healed and multiplied food.

Which prophet was Mute and how did he communicate?

Ezekiel used signs and actions to speak.

Which Prophet's book started with a vision of the glory of God and what is significant about the book starting that way?

Ezekiel. Shows God's holiness and control even in exile.

What do the Eyes on the wheels represent in that vision?

Represent God's all-seeing presence and knowledge.

List the major events in order/timeline

1. David is king, 2. Solomon is King, 3. Rehoboam overtakes people, Jeroboam leads a rebellion, North into exile, Daniel and few leaders into Exile, temple destroyed, Ezra 1-6, events of Esther, events in Nehemiah.

Ezra 1 important scripture:

King Cyrus sends Jews back to rebuild.

Ecclesiastes 1 important scripture:

Everything is meaningless without God.

Nehemiah 6 important scripture:

Wall completed despite enemies.

Jeremiah 29 important scripture:

God's plans for hope and future.

2 Samuel 9

David's kindness to Mephibosheth.

Daniel 2

Statue dream and rock.

Ruth 3

Ruth asks Boaz to be her redeemer.

1 Kings 12

Kingdom divides under Rehoboam.

3 outsider stories

1. Rahab the Canaanite helps Israelite spies, risking her life. Later became part of the lineage of Jesus. 2. Ruth the Moabite stays loyal to her mother-in-law, Naomi, and follows and joins the same God that she follows. 3. Naaman the Syrian is healed and believes after Elisha the prophet gave wisdom.

3 attributes of God:

1. Faithful - Keeps promises to Abraham and David. 2. Merciful - Forgives David after Bathsheba. 3. Merciful - God protected Cain's life even though he deserved death.

2 prophets:

1. Jeremiah: Warned Judah of exile; they didn't listen, but his words came true. 2. Jonah: was a prophet sent by God to warn the people of Nineveh to repent of their evil ways, and when they did, God showed mercy and did not destroy the city.