CNS Stimulants, Antineoplastics, and Anti-Parkinsonian

Ch 13, 14, 15

primary MOA for CNS stimulants like methylphenidate (Ritalin)?

increase the release of norepinephrine and dopamine

enhances focus and alertness

which patient condition is a contraindication the the use of CNS stimulants?

hypertension

CNS stimulants can increase bp and are contraindicated in uncontrolled HTN

what should the nurse monitor in a child receiving methylphenidate?

growth and weight

long term use of Ritalin in children can suppress appetite and affect growth in children

what is the primary teaching point for a patient prescribed sumatriptan for migraines?

avoid taking more than the prescribed dose in 24 hours

excessive use of sumatriptan can lead to serious cardiovascular side effects

what is the primary action of antiepileptic drugs like phenytoin (Dilantin)?

stabilize nerve membranes and prevent excessive neuronal firing

phenytoin prevents seizures by stabilizing hyperactive neurons

a patient taking lamotrigine (Lamictal) reports a rash. what is the nurse’s best action?

notify the healthcare provider promptly

a rash my indicate a life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction and requires immediate evaluation

what is the primary goal of antiparkinson drug therapy?

balance dopamine and acetylcholine levels in the brain

this will improve motor symptoms

what is the purpose of combining carbidopa with levodopa?

reduce peripheral metabolism of levodopa

carbidopa inhibits dopa-decarboxylase in the periphery, allowing more levodopa to reach the brain

which patient teaching is essential for a patient taking selegiline (Eldepryl)?

Avoid tyramine-rich foods to prevent hypertensive crisis

this MAO-B inhibitor may cause hypertensive crisis if combined with tyramine rich foods in high doses