English IV: The List

the Age of Reason

aka the Enlightenment; an intellectual movement in the 18th century that emphasized reason and science

alliteration

repeated consonant sounds in successive words or words close together

allusion

a reference to something

anachronism

a chronological inconsistency in some arrangement

anaphora

repetition at the beginning of a sentence to create emphasis

antagonist

the “bad guy”

assonance

repetition of vowel sounds in words that are close to each other in a sentence or phrase

consonance

recurrence of similar consonant sounds in close proximity

couplet

2 chunks of line that rhyme (AA)

the Elizabethan era

from 1558 to 1603; period when Queen Elizabeth I was reigning--golden age in English history

the Enlightenment

aka the Age of Reason; an intellectual movement in the 18th century that emphasized reason and science

epigraph

a short quotation or saying at the beginning of a book or chapter

epistolary novel

a story made up from a series of letters

epistrophe

the repetition of a word at the end of successive clauses or sentences

fiction

literature that is imaginary and made up

first person

narration that features '“I,” “me,” “my,” and other personal pronouns

foreshadowing

a warning or indication of a future event

frame story

a story within a story

free verse

poetry that doesn’t rhyme or have regular meter

iambic pentameter

10 syllables per line

imagery

visual descriptions that are meant to have the reader create images in their head

irony

a situation in which there is contrast between expectation and reality

lyric poem

type of sonnet; short, contains feelings and emotions

metaphor

a comparison

meter

a consistent pattern of syllables in each line

narrative poem

verse that reads more like a story

narrator

a person who gives an account or tells the story of events, experiences, etc.

nonfiction

writing that is based on real events, facts, and people; biographies or history

novel

a long, fictional narrative

quatrain

4 chunks of lines with rhyme scheme (ABAB)

parody

a work that is closely intimidated for comic effect or in ridicule

personification

applying human characteristics to something nonhuman

proper noun

a name used for an individual, place, or organization; the first letter is capitalized

prose

any writing that follows the conventions of speech and language; doesn’t have metrical structure

protagonist

the character you want good things for

punctuation

marks used in writing to separate sentences and their elements to clarify meaning (period, comma, parenthesis)

the Renaissance

the rebirth of the interest in the arts

the Romantic era

end of 18th century into the 19th century; artistic movement inspired by nature

rhetorical question

a question for stylistic effect

rhyme scheme

the ordered pattern of rhymes at the ends of the lines of a poem or verse (AABB, ABAB)

sarcasm

the use of irony to mock

satire

humor with an agenda

science fiction

fiction based on imagined future scientific or technological advances and major social or environmental changes

setting

time, place, and social conditions

short story

a story with a fully developed theme but is significantly shorter and less elaborate than a novel

simile

a type of metaphor with the words “as” or “like”

sonnet

14 lines, iambic pentameter, rhyme scheme

sonneteer

a poet who specializes in writing sonnets

slant/near rhyme

words that don’t quite rhyme

speaker

the voice of the poem

stanza

a group of lines within a poem, usually set off from others by a blank line or indentation

subtitle

a secondary or explanatory title; usually below or after the actual title

theme

the lesson, moral, truth about life

titular character

a character who’s name is in the title

tone

the author’s attitude toward a certain topic

verse

refers to various parts of poetry: a single line, a stanza, or entire poem

the Victorian era

the period of Queen Victoria’s reign; from 1837-1901

volta

a shift; words like: yet, but