APES Aquatic Biomes Exam Practice

Which of the following best explains an anthropogenic cause of the trend illustrated on the graph?

Increased atmospheric CO₂ concentrations from burning of fossil fuels and vehicle emissions are contributing to ocean acidifcation.

Which of the following is the dependent variable in the study?

The infiltration rate of the water.

Which of the following is the independent variale in the study?

The type of pavers used in the pallets

Which of the following biomes is best characterized as an area that forms the barrow band along the coast that experiences a range of environmental conditions (including daily changes in sunlight, temperature, and water)?

Intertidal Zones

Organisms adapted to survivng in water with the widest range of salinity would most likely be native species in which of the following marine environments?

An estuary within a lagoon

Which of the following regions of the ocean is least likely to contain photosynthetic organisms?

Abyssal zone

Phytoplankton are most abundant in the upper few hundred feet of most bodies of water because

Sunlight does not penetrate to great depths in water

Hoover Dam is the largest dam in the United States, built on the Colorado River to supply hydroelectric power and flood control. Which of the following best describes a downstream environmental effect of Hoover Dam on the Colorado River watershed

The damming of the Colorado River led to a change in stream flow, preventing river water and sediments from reaching the delta area.

Rapid runoff following a heavy rainfall may cause flooding downstream from urban areas. Which urban design strategy will most likely slow water runoff through an urban area and decrease the risk of downstream flooding?

Preserve open areas with intact vegetation

Which of the following best describes a supporting ecological service provided by wetlands?

Wetlands provide a habitat for a wide variety of organisms

Which of the following best describes the effect of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide on marine organisms

It will decrease the availability of carbonate ions in ocean water, decreasing the ability of coral to form shells

Which of the following best describes how an anthropogenic activity can increase ocean acidification

Emissions from power plants that burn fossil fuels increase atmospheric carbon dioxide, which is absorbed by the ocean

Where is the majority of fresh water found on Earth

Ice caps and glaciers

The diagrams above show an area that was once a pasture that has since undergone changes to the vegetation over time. Which of the following changes in the hydrologic cycle is most likley to occur as a result of the change in vegetation in the area?

Increased infiltration

Which letter correctly identifies the part of the hydrological cycle that is most directly affected by impervious building materials, such as concrete and asphalt

D

Which of the following solutions can best reduce an anthropogenic cause of ocean acidification

Switch from coal-burning power plants to nuclear power plants for electricity generation

Reasons that human populations historically have settled in floodplains include which of the following?

I, II, and III

Desalination is used to supply much of this region with freshwater

D

Which of the following events would most likely lead to a decrease in the pH in the oceans

Increased burning of fossil fuels in power plants

Which of the following methods would most likely reduce the effect of hurricanes in urban areas

Installing permeable pavement and increasing green space to increase water infiltration

Which of the following is most likely to result from destruction of wetlands surrounding a river

An increased frequency of flooding of the river valley

Approximately what percent of the water on Earth is freshwater (liquid and solid)

2.5%

The major biological source of dissolved oxygen in the ocean comes from

Photosynthesis by phytoplankton

The zone that has the greatest biodiversity

A

The zone in which the greatest total mass of CO₂ is absorbed from the atmosphere

B

The zone in which species are adapted to the lowest light and the highest pressure

E

Which of the following practices would best help to protect against inland and coastal flooding in urban areas

Preserving wetland and coastal mangrove habitats

Which of the following best describes how ocean acidification affects coral formation

The increase in hydrogen ions dissolved in the ocean water sequesters available carbonate ions, preventing the use of calcium carbonate for coral skeleton formation

The greatest amount of fresh water is found in which of the following

Polar ice caps and glaciers

Which of the following would be most effective at preventing sediment runoff into the streams of the watershed

Maintain zones of grass at least 100 m wide on the sides of streams in the area

Chemical compound responsible for ocean acidification in the open oceans of the world

Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)

Which of the following statements is true of aquatic biomes

Freshwater biomes are a vital source of drinking water

One important step that homeowners in the new development can take to protect water quality in Samel Creek would be to

Use rain barrels to reduce the flow of storm water into the creek

Based on the diagrams, which of the following best explains how urban runoff could be decreased

Replace traditional pavement with more porous pavement to increase ground infiltration

Which of the following equations best represents the chemical changes that occur during ocean acidification

CO₂ + H₂O → 2H⁺ + CO₃^2-

Which of the following best describes why understanding a watershed and its boundaries is important in designing housing developments along a river

Surface water and stormwater runoff will drain downstream within the watershed boundaries, so it is important to understand the flow of water through the watershed